Synthesis of SiC─SiO2─Si Nanocomposites from Natural Resources and Waste for Corrosion Resistance and Circular Economy

Abstract

SiC─SiO₂─Si (SCSOS) nanocomposites have recently significantly improved the corrosion resistance of metals through different treatments. The most promising aspect of SCSOS nanostructures is their ability to reduce corrosion due to their chemical inertness behavior, including high thermal stability, unique optical and electronic characteristics, and good mechanical strength and hardness. This review provides a comprehensive overview of different SCSOS powders products from natural resources and waste. It illustrates each compound's synthesis mechanisms and optimization parameters, such as carbon thermal reduction, sol–gel processes, chemical vapor deposition, laser synthesis, and laser ablation. It is observed that the optimization parameters are crucial in controlling the final product type. SCSOS nanocomposites, whether used together or individually, can effectively protect metals from corrosion in various environments, including seawater. This protection can be achieved through several methods: electrochemical, etching, dip coating, or spin coating. Finally, the synthesis of SiC from marine sponge-derived silicon presents an innovative and sustainable strategy aligned with the principles of the circular economy, offering effective management of aquatic resources while reducing waste and minimizing environmental impact.