Muhammad Faran Akhtar, Muhammad Irshad, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Summer, Noor-ul-ain-Zulfiqar, Muhammad Faizan Akhter, Ghamza Akhtar
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasingly recognized for their potential in biomedical and environmental applications such as antimicrobial, anticancer, and drug delivery properties. But their widespread use is a source of concern with regard to toxicity. The primary toxicological effects of AgNPs are due to oxidative stress causing cellular damage, DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. The interaction of these AgNPs with cellular membranes generates reactive oxidative species (ROS) and interferes with homeostatic redox balance and induces the apoptotic pathway. AgNPs toxicity is influenced by many factors, including particle size, surface modification and synthesis method. Typically, smaller AgNPs are more toxic; however, surface modifications with biocompatible agents can reduce some of the harmful effects. Possibilities of creating AgNPs with lower toxicities using green synthesis methods through plant extracts and other natural agents are promising. However, while these developments are important, more effort is needed to fully understand how AgNPs exert their toxicity, assess various aspects of their safety and optimize their use for therapeutic or industrial purposes. Environmental impacts and a deeper knowledge of human health risks, in particular, chronic effects, are important future research areas.
期刊介绍：
The objective of the Journal of Nanoparticle Research is to disseminate knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological phenomena and processes in structures that have at least one lengthscale ranging from molecular to approximately 100 nm (or submicron in some situations), and exhibit improved and novel properties that are a direct result of their small size.
Nanoparticle research is a key component of nanoscience, nanoengineering and nanotechnology.
The focus of the Journal is on the specific concepts, properties, phenomena, and processes related to particles, tubes, layers, macromolecules, clusters and other finite structures of the nanoscale size range. Synthesis, assembly, transport, reactivity, and stability of such structures are considered. Development of in-situ and ex-situ instrumentation for characterization of nanoparticles and their interfaces should be based on new principles for probing properties and phenomena not well understood at the nanometer scale. Modeling and simulation may include atom-based quantum mechanics; molecular dynamics; single-particle, multi-body and continuum based models; fractals; other methods suitable for modeling particle synthesis, assembling and interaction processes. Realization and application of systems, structures and devices with novel functions obtained via precursor nanoparticles is emphasized. Approaches may include gas-, liquid-, solid-, and vacuum-based processes, size reduction, chemical- and bio-self assembly. Contributions include utilization of nanoparticle systems for enhancing a phenomenon or process and particle assembling into hierarchical structures, as well as formulation and the administration of drugs. Synergistic approaches originating from different disciplines and technologies, and interaction between the research providers and users in this field, are encouraged.
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