Poly(amidoxime) chelating ligand from pine wood cellulose for eco-friendly toxic metals extraction from water sources

IF 2.5 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI:10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102198

Md Lutfor Rahman , Mohd Asyraf Aiman , Mohd Sani Sarjadi , Sazmal Effendi Arshad , Shaheen M. Sarkar , Sandeep Kumar

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Abstract

Industrial, domestic, and agricultural activities have significantly contributed to environmental pollution, with heavy metal contamination from wastewater emerging as a critical issue. In this study, nanocellulose was extracted from pine wood and chemically modified via graft copolymerization. Free radicals generated on the cellulose backbone facilitated the grafting of acrylonitrile monomers, resulting in poly(acrylonitrile)-grafted nanocellulose. This intermediate product was further transformed into poly(amidoxime), a chelating polymer ligand specifically designed for heavy metal extraction from aqueous media. Batch adsorption experiments evaluated the removal efficiency of heavy metal ions, including copper (Cu²⁺), iron (Fe²⁺), cobalt (Co²⁺), nickel (Ni²⁺), and lead (Pb²⁺). Analytical results revealed that Cu²⁺ exhibited the highest adsorption capacity of 335 mg/g at pH 6. Other metal ions also showed significant adsorption capacities, including Fe²⁺ (281 mg/g), Co²⁺ (241 mg/g), Ni²⁺ (205 mg/g), and Pb²⁺ (306 mg/g), confirming the polymer's effectiveness in heavy metal removal. Adsorption behavior was analyzed using the Langmuir isotherm model, which assumes monolayer adsorption on a surface with uniformly distributed active sites. The experimental data aligned well with this model, demonstrating predictable and efficient adsorption performance. Reusability studies indicated that the poly(amidoxime) ligand retained its adsorption capacity over six cycles with minimal degradation, highlighting its sustainability. This suggests its potential as a cost-effective and reusable material for heavy metal remediation. By combining high adsorption capacity with reusability, poly(amidoxime) provides a durable and efficient solution for addressing heavy metal contamination in wastewater, significantly contributing to environmental sustainability through improved water treatment methods.

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从松木纤维素中提取聚偕胺肟螯合配体用于从水源中环保提取有毒金属

工业、家庭和农业活动对环境污染有很大的贡献，废水中的重金属污染成为一个关键问题。本研究从松木中提取纳米纤维素，并通过接枝共聚进行化学改性。纤维素骨架上产生的自由基促进了丙烯腈单体的接枝，得到了聚丙烯腈接枝的纳米纤维素。该中间产物进一步转化为聚偕胺肟，这是一种专门用于从水介质中提取重金属的螯合聚合物配体。间歇吸附实验评价了该工艺对铜（Cu2+）、铁（Fe2+）、钴（Co2+）、镍（Ni2+）、铅（Pb2+）等重金属离子的去除效果。分析结果表明，在pH为6时，Cu2+的吸附量最高，为335 mg/g。对Fe2+ (281 mg/g)、Co2+ (241 mg/g)、Ni2+ (205 mg/g)、Pb2+ (306 mg/g)等金属离子的吸附能力也较好，证实了聚合物对重金属的去除效果。采用Langmuir等温线模型分析了吸附行为，该模型假设在具有均匀分布的活性位点的表面上有单层吸附。实验数据与该模型吻合良好，显示出可预测和高效的吸附性能。可重用性研究表明，聚偕胺肟配体在六个循环中保持其吸附能力，降解最小，突出了其可持续性。这表明它有潜力成为一种具有成本效益和可重复使用的重金属修复材料。聚偕胺肟结合了高吸附能力和可重复使用性，为解决废水中的重金属污染提供了持久有效的解决方案，通过改进水处理方法，显著促进了环境的可持续性。

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