Pharmacy faculty and students perceptions of artificial intelligence: A National Survey

Abstract

Introduction

This study explores the perceptions, familiarity, and utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) among pharmacy faculty and students across the United States. By identifying key gaps in AI education and training, it highlights the need for structured curricular integration to prepare future pharmacists for an evolving digital healthcare landscape.

Methods

A 19-item Qualtrics™ survey was created to assess perceptions of AI use among pharmacy faculty and students and distributed utilizing publicly available contacts at schools of pharmacy and intern lists. The electronic survey was open from September 5th to November 22nd 2023. Responses were analyzed for trends and compared between faculty and student responses across four sub-domains.

Results

A total of 235 pharmacy faculty and 405 pharmacy students completed the survey. Responses indicated high familiarity with AI in both groups but found differences in training. Both groups identified ethical considerations and training as major barriers to AI integration. Faculty were less likely to trust AI responses than students despite reporting similar rates of incorrect information. Students were more concerned than faculty about AI reducing pharmacy jobs, particularly in community and health-system settings.

Discussion

This study highlights the need for intentional AI training tailored to pharmacy students, aiming to bridge the knowledge gap and equip them with the skills to navigate an AI-driven future. The inconsistency in how AI is addressed within the curriculum and the lack of established ethical guidelines display the need for clear and consistent institutional policies and professional guidance.