Humoral immune response to 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127029

Izaz Ahmad , Robert Burton , Rozina Arshad , Bilal Bin Younis , Shaper Mirza

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Pneumococcal infections pose a significant health problem in individuals with comorbid conditions such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although pneumococcal vaccines are recommended in individuals with type 2 diabetes, there is a lack of data on the immunogenicity of pneumococcal vaccines in the type 2 diabetes population. This pilot study was therefore developed to determine if the humoral immune response to the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) in those with and without type 2 diabetes is comparable.

Methods

A total of 40 (24 with type 2 diabetes and 16 without type 2 diabetes) adults were immunized with PCV10. WHO reference ELISA and multiplexed opsonophagocytic killing assay (MOPA) were used to measure the concentration and functionality of serotype-specific IgG at baseline and 14 days, 1 month, and 8 months post-vaccination.

Results

The geometric mean IgG concentrations and opsonic titers increased significantly in post-immunization (T1–14 days, T2–1 month, and T3–8 month) serum samples compared to baseline (T0) in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. In both groups, the highest post-immunization IgG concentrations were measured for serotype 19F at T2. Individuals with type 2 diabetes showed significantly lower IgG concentrations and opsonic titers for serotype 19F and 9V post-immunization compared to age and sex-matched non-diabetes individuals. Serotype-specific IgG concentrations declined rapidly in those with type 2 diabetes at 8 months post-immunization. Obese diabetes individuals had lower IgG concentrations compared to non-Obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Conclusion

Individuals with type 2 diabetes demonstrated a significant protective humoral immune response to the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10); however, the response was comparatively less robust and declined faster in those with type 2 diabetes compared to age and sex-matched non-diabetes controls.

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

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