Low-concentration and high-efficiency detection of triethylamine (TEA) based on Sn-doped WO3 gas sensors

IF 3.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI:10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114266

Junsheng Wen , Boyan Fu , Leyao Bi , Jiahui Lin , Jiaxing Fu , Wenyue Tian , Chunjie Wang , Yue Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Recently, the monitoring of TEA has garnered significant attention, particularly concerning food safety, which could potentially lead to health risks. However, current studies on the detection of TEA using tungsten trioxide (WO₃) materials are suboptimal and require the exploration of effective WO₃-based sensitive materials. This work employs a one-step solvothermal method to synthesize Sn-doped WO₃ materials with varying ratios and analyzes their selectivity and sensitivity to gases. The physicochemical properties of materials were characterized using multiple techniques including XRD, SEM, XPS, BET and Raman spectroscopy. The high response to TEA gas is successfully achieved by adjusting the doping amount of Sn⁴⁺ (∼12 wt%). Qualitative analyses indicate that 10 wt% Sn-WO₃ exhibits superior response to TEA in all samples, showcasing a response of 94.5 at 175 °C for 100 ppm TEA, which is 5.7 times higher than that of WO₃. Also, the related mechanisms were studied in detail. The low-intensity ratio of the (002) facet, small particle size, large specific surface area, and high concentration of oxygen vacancy defects resulting from Sn⁴⁺ doping play pivotal roles in enhancing the response to TEA. It is expected that this work will contribute to advancements in WO₃-based materials in the field of gas sensing.

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最近，三乙醇胺的监测引起了人们的极大关注，尤其是在食品安全方面，因为这有可能导致健康风险。然而，目前使用三氧化钨（WO3）材料检测三乙醇胺的研究并不理想，需要探索有效的基于 WO3 的敏感材料。本研究采用一步溶热法合成了不同比例的掺锡 WO3 材料，并分析了其对气体的选择性和灵敏度。利用 XRD、SEM、XPS、BET 和拉曼光谱等多种技术对材料的理化性质进行了表征。通过调整 Sn4+ 的掺杂量（∼12 wt%），成功实现了对三乙醇胺气体的高响应。定性分析表明，在所有样品中，10 wt% Sn-WO3 对三乙醇胺的响应都很好，在 175 °C 温度下，100 ppm 三乙醇胺的响应为 94.5，是 WO3 响应的 5.7 倍。此外，还对相关机制进行了详细研究。(002)面的低强度比、小粒度、大比表面积以及掺杂 Sn4+ 产生的高浓度氧空位缺陷在提高对 TEA 的响应方面发挥了关键作用。预计这项工作将有助于推动气体传感领域中基于 WO3 的材料的发展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vacuum 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

17.50%

发文量

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Vacuum is an international rapid publications journal with a focus on short communication. All papers are peer-reviewed, with the review process for short communication geared towards very fast turnaround times. The journal also published full research papers, thematic issues and selected papers from leading conferences. A report in Vacuum should represent a major advance in an area that involves a controlled environment at pressures of one atmosphere or below. The scope of the journal includes: 1. Vacuum; original developments in vacuum pumping and instrumentation, vacuum measurement, vacuum gas dynamics, gas-surface interactions, surface treatment for UHV applications and low outgassing, vacuum melting, sintering, and vacuum metrology. Technology and solutions for large-scale facilities (e.g., particle accelerators and fusion devices). New instrumentation ( e.g., detectors and electron microscopes). 2. Plasma science; advances in PVD, CVD, plasma-assisted CVD, ion sources, deposition processes and analysis. 3. Surface science; surface engineering, surface chemistry, surface analysis, crystal growth, ion-surface interactions and etching, nanometer-scale processing, surface modification. 4. Materials science; novel functional or structural materials. Metals, ceramics, and polymers. Experiments, simulations, and modelling for understanding structure-property relationships. Thin films and coatings. Nanostructures and ion implantation.