‘Cervical vertebral metrics’ A reliable approach to forensic identification: A comprehensive review

Q3 Medicine

Translational Research in Anatomy Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI:10.1016/j.tria.2025.100391

Shreya , Lydia Shobha Andrade , Rajagopal K V , Vikram Palimar , Muhammad Nasir Ahmad , Vinod C. Nayak , Varun Kumar S G , Bhukya Nom Kumar Naik

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Sex and stature are the most critical factors to identify an unknown individual. In addition to the skull, pelvis, and other long bones, the vertebral column exhibits significant differences between males and females. It has been shown to have a statistically significant correlation with an individual's stature. Among the cervical vertebrae, the axis vertebra shows remarkable sexual dimorphism.

Body of the study

A comprehensive literature search was done using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus between 1995 and 2023. The main inclusion criteria were studies on adult human cervical vertebral measurements from skeletal remains and Computed tomography images. Sixteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria from various populations estimating the sex and stature.

Conclusion

An extensive review of relevant studies has established that the axis exhibits the highest sexual dimorphism among the cervical vertebrae, followed by the atlas and the C7 vertebra. Regarding the determination of stature from the various cervical metrics, the axis vertebra significantly correlated with stature. This comprehensive study offers valuable insights into the different measurement methods utilizing cervical vertebrae for sex and stature estimation, thereby serving as a pertinent resource for subsequent anthropometric investigations about cervical vertebrae.

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来源期刊

Translational Research in Anatomy Medicine-Anatomy

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Translational Research in Anatomy is an international peer-reviewed and open access journal that publishes high-quality original papers. Focusing on translational research, the journal aims to disseminate the knowledge that is gained in the basic science of anatomy and to apply it to the diagnosis and treatment of human pathology in order to improve individual patient well-being. Topics published in Translational Research in Anatomy include anatomy in all of its aspects, especially those that have application to other scientific disciplines including the health sciences: • gross anatomy • neuroanatomy • histology • immunohistochemistry • comparative anatomy • embryology • molecular biology • microscopic anatomy • forensics • imaging/radiology • medical education Priority will be given to studies that clearly articulate their relevance to the broader aspects of anatomy and how they can impact patient care.Strengthening the ties between morphological research and medicine will foster collaboration between anatomists and physicians. Therefore, Translational Research in Anatomy will serve as a platform for communication and understanding between the disciplines of anatomy and medicine and will aid in the dissemination of anatomical research. The journal accepts the following article types: 1. Review articles 2. Original research papers 3. New state-of-the-art methods of research in the field of anatomy including imaging, dissection methods, medical devices and quantitation 4. Education papers (teaching technologies/methods in medical education in anatomy) 5. Commentaries 6. Letters to the Editor 7. Selected conference papers 8. Case Reports