{"title":"Transition of super-to subcritical flow without a hydraulic jump by a cross-sectional transition structure","authors":"Marzieh Rezashahreza, Abdorreza Kabiri-Samani, Mostafa Fazeli","doi":"10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2025.102889","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shock waves complicate the design of hydraulic structures, involving the transitions in a channel with supercritical flow regime. Abrupt changes in characteristics of a supercritical flow, e.g., in convergent transitions, would result in a rapidly varied flow associated with a hydraulic jump, causing waves and surface fluctuations. Therefore, by applying an appropriate transition structure inside the channel, the hydraulic jump can be eliminated, and these disruptions are minimized. In the present study, an analytical/experimental investigation is conducted to design a cross-sectional transition structure CSTS, eliminating the hydraulic jump with supercritical inflow Froude numbers between 2.5 and 5.5. An analytical study was performed to design the transition structures based on the fluid shock waves theory, resulting in a conceptual design diagram for excluding the hydraulic jump from super-to subcritical flow regime. According to the results, the present CSTSs are more efficient than the corresponding bed transition structures BTSs, indicating great potential of the CSTSs to change the flow regime from super-to subcritical flow without a hydraulic jump. Flow inside the CSTSs was analyzed and the analytical results were verified, applying the present experimental measurements. Based on experimental observations, weak vortices are generated downstream of the critical section, disappearing after a fall in the water free-surface profile across the critical section.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50440,"journal":{"name":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Flow Measurement and Instrumentation","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0955598625000810","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Shock waves complicate the design of hydraulic structures, involving the transitions in a channel with supercritical flow regime. Abrupt changes in characteristics of a supercritical flow, e.g., in convergent transitions, would result in a rapidly varied flow associated with a hydraulic jump, causing waves and surface fluctuations. Therefore, by applying an appropriate transition structure inside the channel, the hydraulic jump can be eliminated, and these disruptions are minimized. In the present study, an analytical/experimental investigation is conducted to design a cross-sectional transition structure CSTS, eliminating the hydraulic jump with supercritical inflow Froude numbers between 2.5 and 5.5. An analytical study was performed to design the transition structures based on the fluid shock waves theory, resulting in a conceptual design diagram for excluding the hydraulic jump from super-to subcritical flow regime. According to the results, the present CSTSs are more efficient than the corresponding bed transition structures BTSs, indicating great potential of the CSTSs to change the flow regime from super-to subcritical flow without a hydraulic jump. Flow inside the CSTSs was analyzed and the analytical results were verified, applying the present experimental measurements. Based on experimental observations, weak vortices are generated downstream of the critical section, disappearing after a fall in the water free-surface profile across the critical section.
期刊介绍:
Flow Measurement and Instrumentation is dedicated to disseminating the latest research results on all aspects of flow measurement, in both closed conduits and open channels. The design of flow measurement systems involves a wide variety of multidisciplinary activities including modelling the flow sensor, the fluid flow and the sensor/fluid interactions through the use of computation techniques; the development of advanced transducer systems and their associated signal processing and the laboratory and field assessment of the overall system under ideal and disturbed conditions.
FMI is the essential forum for critical information exchange, and contributions are particularly encouraged in the following areas of interest:
Modelling: the application of mathematical and computational modelling to the interaction of fluid dynamics with flowmeters, including flowmeter behaviour, improved flowmeter design and installation problems. Application of CAD/CAE techniques to flowmeter modelling are eligible.
Design and development: the detailed design of the flowmeter head and/or signal processing aspects of novel flowmeters. Emphasis is given to papers identifying new sensor configurations, multisensor flow measurement systems, non-intrusive flow metering techniques and the application of microelectronic techniques in smart or intelligent systems.
Calibration techniques: including descriptions of new or existing calibration facilities and techniques, calibration data from different flowmeter types, and calibration intercomparison data from different laboratories.
Installation effect data: dealing with the effects of non-ideal flow conditions on flowmeters. Papers combining a theoretical understanding of flowmeter behaviour with experimental work are particularly welcome.