Smoldering fire potential in activated carbons based on surface temperature and carbon monoxide emission

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Thermal Sciences Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109877

Yejin Ha , Joonho Jeon

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Activated carbon has a large surface area and high porosity, which makes it an excellent adsorbent for the removal of industrial pollutants. However, it is associated with significant fire risk including smoldering and auto-ignition because adsorption is an exothermic reaction. Although smoldering is a slow, low-temperature combustion mode, it produces large amounts of toxic gases and can transition into flaming combustion. Therefore, elucidating the combustion characteristics of smoldering activated carbon is important for ensuring fire safety in industrial settings. In this study, the combustion characteristics of activated carbons with different types were investigated under several external heat fluxes. The onset of smoldering was determined based on its characteristic temperature obtained from thermogravimetric analysis. The reaction progression and combustion stages were presented in terms of surface temperature distributions and carbon monoxide emissions during thermal reactions. Additionally, the effects of changes in the exposed surface area and thickness on the combustion behavior of activated carbon were analyzed. Finally, the potential for flame occurrence via the gas-phase reaction during smoldering was examined.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Thermal Sciences 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

11.10%

发文量

531

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Thermal Sciences is a journal devoted to the publication of fundamental studies on the physics of transfer processes in general, with an emphasis on thermal aspects and also applied research on various processes, energy systems and the environment. Articles are published in English and French, and are subject to peer review. The fundamental subjects considered within the scope of the journal are: * Heat and relevant mass transfer at all scales (nano, micro and macro) and in all types of material (heterogeneous, composites, biological,...) and fluid flow * Forced, natural or mixed convection in reactive or non-reactive media * Single or multi–phase fluid flow with or without phase change * Near–and far–field radiative heat transfer * Combined modes of heat transfer in complex systems (for example, plasmas, biological, geological,...) * Multiscale modelling The applied research topics include: * Heat exchangers, heat pipes, cooling processes * Transport phenomena taking place in industrial processes (chemical, food and agricultural, metallurgical, space and aeronautical, automobile industries) * Nano–and micro–technology for energy, space, biosystems and devices * Heat transport analysis in advanced systems * Impact of energy–related processes on environment, and emerging energy systems The study of thermophysical properties of materials and fluids, thermal measurement techniques, inverse methods, and the developments of experimental methods are within the scope of the International Journal of Thermal Sciences which also covers the modelling, and numerical methods applied to thermal transfer.