Modeling of a BK7 prism/Ag/Ni/ZnSe/SM-based sensor for maintaining optimum performance in glucose level detection

Abstract

Patients suffering from diabetes, or having problems regarding up-downs in glucose levels may need to prick human skin to draw blood samples for checkups. Due to the enhancement of photonics, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a relief to them. As of now, glucose levels can be detected from urine instead of blood. This research delves into the characterization of an SPR sensor combining a prism-coupled Silver (Ag), Nickel (Ni), and Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) hybrid modeled structure to maintain overall enhanced performance for the detection of glucose concentrations of the patients in urine samples. The motivation is to develop an optimum resulting surface plasmon resonance sensor for this issue based on the Kretschmann configuration. In the present work, the standard transfer matrix method and the Fresnel formulations were utilized to investigate this study. The proposed biosensor comprises nickel (Ni) and zinc selenide (ZnSe), which improves the sensitivity of the surface plasmon resonance-based sensor and protects Ag from being oxidized. The findings reveal high-overall performance parameters are a sensitivity of 329.21°/RIU, full width at half maximum of 3.89 (degrees), a figure of merit of 84.489398, a quality factor of 84.575835 (1/RIU), and a detection accuracy of 0.2570694 (1/degree) for the BK7 prism/Ag/Ni/ZnSe/sensing medium configuration at a wavelength of 633 nm. The exalted performance of this biosensor is efficient in detecting the concentration level of different liquid analytes in biosensing platforms, offering significant promise for the analysis of glucose concentration.