A board-level temperature compensation method for precise seawater conductivity measurement

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI:10.1016/j.sna.2025.116485

Jianwei Liu , Zengxing Zhang , Yonghua Wang , Jianyi Zheng , Yuzhen Guo , Bin Yao , Shiqiang Zhang , Junmin Jing , Yanbo Xu , Chenyang Xue

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The impact of temperature on instrument measurements is widespread. To mitigate the significant measurement errors caused by temperature variations affecting board-level circuits during in-situ seawater conductivity measurements, a series of experiments are conducted using a seven-electrode conductivity sensor as a case study. A multivariate polynomial regression algorithm is employed for temperature compensation. After designing the instrument structure, sensor, and circuitry, six pure resistors are used to simulate the conductivity cell and experimentally evaluate the effects of temperature changes on the circuit. After calibration at the Institute of Ocean Engineering in Qingdao, China, test results indicate that, within the conductivity range of 30.678–67.214 mS/cm, covering most seawater environments, the instrument’s accuracy improves from ± 0.007 mS/cm to ± 0.002 mS/cm after implementing the temperature compensation model over a temperature range of −10 ℃ to 40 ℃. Results demonstrate that the proposed compensation method effectively reduces temperature-induced drift and enhances measurement accuracy.

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来源期刊

Sensors and Actuators A-physical 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

6.50%

发文量

630

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Sensors and Actuators A: Physical brings together multidisciplinary interests in one journal entirely devoted to disseminating information on all aspects of research and development of solid-state devices for transducing physical signals. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical regularly publishes original papers, letters to the Editors and from time to time invited review articles within the following device areas: • Fundamentals and Physics, such as: classification of effects, physical effects, measurement theory, modelling of sensors, measurement standards, measurement errors, units and constants, time and frequency measurement. Modeling papers should bring new modeling techniques to the field and be supported by experimental results. • Materials and their Processing, such as: piezoelectric materials, polymers, metal oxides, III-V and II-VI semiconductors, thick and thin films, optical glass fibres, amorphous, polycrystalline and monocrystalline silicon. • Optoelectronic sensors, such as: photovoltaic diodes, photoconductors, photodiodes, phototransistors, positron-sensitive photodetectors, optoisolators, photodiode arrays, charge-coupled devices, light-emitting diodes, injection lasers and liquid-crystal displays. • Mechanical sensors, such as: metallic, thin-film and semiconductor strain gauges, diffused silicon pressure sensors, silicon accelerometers, solid-state displacement transducers, piezo junction devices, piezoelectric field-effect transducers (PiFETs), tunnel-diode strain sensors, surface acoustic wave devices, silicon micromechanical switches, solid-state flow meters and electronic flow controllers. Etc...