Yunsi He MD, Zixuan Xu MD, Lei Feng BM, Qingqing Ye BM, Yusong Zhou MD, Ying Yao MD, Yangfei Pang MM, Wentong Yu MM, Yudan Zhong MM, Junpeng Yuan BS, Jing Liu MD, PhD, Jinrong Li MD, PhD
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Abstract
Purpose
This study explored the efficacy and predictors of success for a novel monocular fine orientation discrimination perceptual learning (fine-PL) approach in addressing perceptual deficits in meridional amblyopia (MA).
Design
Prospective, longitudinal study.
Participants
Fifty-three children with persistent MA participated in this study.
Methods
Twenty-one participants underwent a 14-day regimen of monocular fine-PL focused on grating orientation discrimination exercise (±5°) aligned with the vertical or horizontal meridian near each individual's threshold spatial frequencies. Nineteen participants underwent coarse orientation discrimination perceptual learning (coarse-PL), and 13 participants received optical correction alone.
Main Outcome Measures
Measurements included both the best-corrected and uncorrected visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity function (CSF), and stereoacuity, with daily VA assessments during the training.
Results
Significant improvements were observed in uncorrected VA (increased by 1.3 lines, P < 0.001) and best-corrected VA (increased by 0.3 lines, P = 0.002) in the fine-PL group. Posttraining assessments showed enhancements in all measured CSF metrics, both with and without correction (all P < 0.05), and in both distance and near stereopsis (all P < 0.05). Compared with coarse-PL, fine-PL more effectively addressed residual deficits in uncorrected vision. Early changes in VA correlated significantly with final VA outcomes. A 6-month follow-up confirmed the retention of these gains.
Conclusions
Fine-PL offers targeted rehabilitation for perceptual distortions in MA, with early responses during training serving as potential predictors of success. This personalized approach effectively addresses residual deficits beyond optical correction, offering a promising noninvasive option for visual function improvement.
Financial Disclosure(s)
Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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