Recovery and severity of acute kidney injury in critically ill clinical and surgical patients

Abstract

Introduction

The identification of patients at risk has implications on the management of clinical and surgical patients. The severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) has a negative impact on the patient's prognosis and effects on kidney function recovery.

Objective

To determine the cases of renal recovery and level of severity of AKI in clinical and surgical patients admitted to the intensive care unit. (ICU).

Method

Prospective, observational, longitudinal, and quantitative analytical study. It was carried out in an ICU of a teaching hospital. The sample was non-probabilistic, consisting of 59 surgical and clinical patients. A structured questionnaire consisting of 38 questions subdivided into sections was used for data collection such as hospitalization data; surgery data; history of current hospitalization; hemodynamic and laboratory parameters; AKI severity. Variable analysis was based on non-parametric tests. Two-sided p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

The most severe AKI according to the classification KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) was 3 and mainly affected clinical patients (34.5%). Surgical patients predominantly developed AKI – KDIGO 2 and 3 (23.3%). The length of hospital stay (p = 0.04), and ICU stay (p = 0.001) was significant in patients who developed AKI. Renal recovery occurred predominantly in surgical patients (20.3%).

Conclusions

Clinical patients admitted to the ICU are more affected by more severe AKI (KDIGO 3). Renal recovery was observed in approximately two out of every five patients, being more significant in surgical patients.