Enabling prosumers in energy transactive environment with hybridisation of energy storage: A review

Abstract

The rapid transition towards renewable energy is driven by sustainable energy goals, technological advancements, policy changes, and various economic and psychological factors. Prosumers—those who both produce and consume energy—are becoming influential in the energy sector and can impact a nation's socioeconomic status. By trading surplus energy with other consumers, prosumers play a vital role in the energy market. To address the intermittency of renewable energy sources, energy storage devices are essential. Hybrid energy storage systems, which combine high energy and high power storage capabilities, offer benefits such as extended lifetime, cost perspectives and additional grid services. Hybridisation of small-scale energy storage techniques supporting the supply-demand balance and other grid ancillary services are developing as attractive choices. This review paper addresses the research gap in understanding the role of prosumers and their requirements for energy storage, including hybridised versions. It explores the business models of prosumers and identifies key impact factors. The novelty of this review lies in its comprehensive summary of prosumers, their business directions, and especially various small-scale energy storage options supporting prosumers. This work provides valuable insights for the future development of hybrid energy storage and prosumers within the futuristic energy transactive frameworks.