Association Between Parity and Bone Mineral Density in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY
Cristina M. Gildee, Patricia Ann Kramer
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Bone remodeling relies on a dynamic process of concurrent deposition and resorption of bone material, which regulates bone mineral density (BMD), a critical component of overall bone health. Chronic dysregulation of the remodeling process during an individual's life can result in low BMD, osteoporosis, reduced mineral reserves and/or increased fracture risk. Prior studies have investigated the link between parity and BMD, positing that one cost of reproduction is increased bone resorption above deposition, resulting in net BMD loss. Further, bone remodeling is sensitive to repetitive mechanical loading, suggesting that differences in bone loading could modify associations between parity and BMD. We seek to understand how reproductive investment (using parity as a proxy) challenges bone remodeling.

Methods

We examined associations between parity and regional BMD using anthropometric, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and questionnaire data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2018 cohorts; n = 5144).

Results

In unadjusted linear regressions, higher parity was associated with lower BMD in all regions except the thoracic spine, arms, and total BMD (p < 0.004). In regressions adjusting for BMI and age, parity was positively associated with BMD in the pelvis, arms, and total BMD (p < 0.004). The maximally controlled models, which adjust for race/ethnicity, sedentary time, poverty income ratio, and lifetime estrogen exposure, among other health and lifestyle variables, yielded similar results.

Discussion

Our results suggest that more rigorous statistical modeling and selection of reproductive cost variables may help explicate the biological mechanisms underlying conflicting parity-BMD associations and their impact on bone health and aging.

全国健康与营养检查调查中胎次与骨密度的关系。
目的:骨重塑依赖于骨材料同时沉积和吸收的动态过程,从而调节骨矿物质密度(BMD),这是整体骨骼健康的关键组成部分。在一个人的一生中,重塑过程的慢性失调会导致骨密度低、骨质疏松、矿物质储备减少和/或骨折风险增加。先前的研究已经调查了胎次和骨密度之间的联系,假设繁殖的成本之一是增加骨吸收而不是沉积,导致骨密度净损失。此外,骨重塑对重复机械负荷很敏感,这表明骨负荷的差异可能会改变胎次和骨密度之间的关系。我们试图了解生殖投资(使用平价作为代理)如何挑战骨重塑。方法:我们使用人体测量学、双能x线吸收仪和来自国家健康与营养检查调查(2007-2018队列)的问卷数据,研究胎次与区域骨密度之间的关系;n = 5144)。结果:在未经调整的线性回归中,胎次越高,骨密度越低,除了胸椎、手臂和总骨密度(p)。讨论:我们的结果表明,更严格的统计建模和生殖成本变量的选择可能有助于解释胎次-骨密度冲突的生物学机制及其对骨骼健康和衰老的影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
13.80%
发文量
124
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Human Biology is the Official Journal of the Human Biology Association. The American Journal of Human Biology is a bimonthly, peer-reviewed, internationally circulated journal that publishes reports of original research, theoretical articles and timely reviews, and brief communications in the interdisciplinary field of human biology. As the official journal of the Human Biology Association, the Journal also publishes abstracts of research presented at its annual scientific meeting and book reviews relevant to the field. The Journal seeks scholarly manuscripts that address all aspects of human biology, health, and disease, particularly those that stress comparative, developmental, ecological, or evolutionary perspectives. The transdisciplinary areas covered in the Journal include, but are not limited to, epidemiology, genetic variation, population biology and demography, physiology, anatomy, nutrition, growth and aging, physical performance, physical activity and fitness, ecology, and evolution, along with their interactions. The Journal publishes basic, applied, and methodologically oriented research from all areas, including measurement, analytical techniques and strategies, and computer applications in human biology. Like many other biologically oriented disciplines, the field of human biology has undergone considerable growth and diversification in recent years, and the expansion of the aims and scope of the Journal is a reflection of this growth and membership diversification. The Journal is committed to prompt review, and priority publication is given to manuscripts with novel or timely findings, and to manuscripts of unusual interest.
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