Unveiling antifungal resistance and biocide tolerance in clinical isolates of Candida spp.

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Future microbiology Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI:10.1080/17460913.2025.2480924

Jamile De Paiva Macedo, Aripuana Aranha Sakurada Watanabe, Alessandra Barbosa Ferreira Machado, Cláudio Galuppo Diniz, Vania Lucia Da Silva, Vanessa Cordeiro Dias

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aims: Candidiasis, caused by Candida spp. is an opportunistic infection with significant healthcare risks, worsened by trends in antifungal resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal susceptibility profile, investigate resistance mechanisms, assess efflux pump activity, and examine biocide tolerance in clinical Candida isolates.

Methods: A total of 100 Candida isolates from hospitalized and outpatient individuals were analyzed for their antifungal susceptibility profile, molecular resistance mechanisms through PCR, efflux pump activity with the Cartwheel method, and biocide tolerance (sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and benzalkonium chloride), which was assessed by disk diffusion.

Results: A high prevalence of resistance (87%) to at least one antifungal was observed, with 47.12% of isolates showing simultaneous multiple resistance to three azole derivatives. The highest antifungal agent resistance was observed for fluconazole (n = 70) and the highest susceptibility for amphotericin B (n = 1). The most common mutation was in the ERG11 gene (n = 38/43.7%). Efflux pump activity was detected in both C. albicans and non-albicans Candida species. Biocide testing revealed a higher tolerance for sodium hypochlorite, with an inhibition zone ranging from 18.25 (4.40) to 34.0 (4.00).

Conclusions: This study highlights significant antifungal resistance in Candida spp. particularly to azoles, stressing the need for improved infection control and novel therapeutic strategies.

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来源期刊

Future microbiology 生物-微生物学

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.20%

发文量

134

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Future Microbiology delivers essential information in concise, at-a-glance article formats. Key advances in the field are reported and analyzed by international experts, providing an authoritative but accessible forum for this increasingly important and vast area of research.