Unveiling antifungal resistance and biocide tolerance in clinical isolates of Candida spp.

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY

Future microbiology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-22 DOI:10.1080/17460913.2025.2480924

Jamile De Paiva Macedo, Aripuana Aranha Sakurada Watanabe, Alessandra Barbosa Ferreira Machado, Cláudio Galuppo Diniz, Vania Lucia Da Silva, Vanessa Cordeiro Dias

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aims: Candidiasis, caused by Candida spp. is an opportunistic infection with significant healthcare risks, worsened by trends in antifungal resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal susceptibility profile, investigate resistance mechanisms, assess efflux pump activity, and examine biocide tolerance in clinical Candida isolates.

Methods: A total of 100 Candida isolates from hospitalized and outpatient individuals were analyzed for their antifungal susceptibility profile, molecular resistance mechanisms through PCR, efflux pump activity with the Cartwheel method, and biocide tolerance (sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, and benzalkonium chloride), which was assessed by disk diffusion.

Results: A high prevalence of resistance (87%) to at least one antifungal was observed, with 47.12% of isolates showing simultaneous multiple resistance to three azole derivatives. The highest antifungal agent resistance was observed for fluconazole (n = 70) and the highest susceptibility for amphotericin B (n = 1). The most common mutation was in the ERG11 gene (n = 38/43.7%). Efflux pump activity was detected in both C. albicans and non-albicans Candida species. Biocide testing revealed a higher tolerance for sodium hypochlorite, with an inhibition zone ranging from 18.25 (4.40) to 34.0 (4.00).

Conclusions: This study highlights significant antifungal resistance in Candida spp. particularly to azoles, stressing the need for improved infection control and novel therapeutic strategies.

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揭示临床分离念珠菌的抗真菌耐药性和生物杀灭剂耐受性。

目的：念珠菌病是由念珠菌引起的机会性感染，具有重大的医疗风险，并因抗真菌耐药性的趋势而恶化。本研究旨在评估临床假丝酵母分离株的抗真菌敏感性，探讨耐药机制，评估外排泵活性，并检查杀菌剂耐受性。方法：对住院和门诊患者分离的100株念珠菌进行抗真菌敏感性分析、分子耐药机制分析（PCR法）、外排泵活性分析（Cartwheel法）和杀菌剂（次氯酸钠、过氧化氢和苯扎氯铵）耐受性分析（盘扩散法）。结果：对至少一种抗真菌药物有较高的耐药率（87%），其中47.12%的分离株同时对3种唑类衍生物有多重耐药。氟康唑耐药最高（70例），两性霉素B耐药最高（1例）。最常见的突变是ERG11基因（n = 38/43.7%）。在白色念珠菌和非白色念珠菌种中均检测到外排泵活性。杀菌剂试验表明，对次氯酸钠的耐受性较高，抑制范围为18.25(4.40)~ 34.0（4.00）。结论：本研究强调念珠菌具有显著的抗真菌耐药性，特别是对唑类药物，强调需要改进感染控制和新的治疗策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Future microbiology 生物-微生物学

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.20%

发文量

134

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Future Microbiology delivers essential information in concise, at-a-glance article formats. Key advances in the field are reported and analyzed by international experts, providing an authoritative but accessible forum for this increasingly important and vast area of research.