{"title":"Cognitive demand, concurrent viewing distances, and digital eyestrain.","authors":"Elianna Sharvit, Mark Rosenfield","doi":"10.1097/OPX.0000000000002238","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Digital devices are ubiquitous in modern daily life. Although a high prevalence of digital eyestrain has been reported, the mechanisms underlying digital eyestrain have not been fully elucidated, and there is currently no proven treatment.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the cognitive demand of a near task, mode of presentation (digital or paper), working distance, and symptoms of digital eyestrain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty young participants completed four 30-minute reading tasks. The four conditions (performed in randomized order) entailed (1) a cognitively demanding task performed on a tablet computer and (2) a less cognitively demanding task performed on the same device. Trials (3) and (4) were identical to (1) and (2) except that the tasks were performed on paper. Subjects could hold the reading task at any distance they felt comfortable. Before and immediately following each task, subjects completed a digital eyestrain symptom survey. For all four conditions, a spectacle-mounted device (Clouclip) was used to measure the working distance objectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although all four tasks induced significant symptoms, there was a significant difference between the four conditions, with the increase being greatest for the cognitively demanding task on the tablet computer. There was no significant difference in working distance for the four conditions, and all tasks showed a similar reduction in working distance (p=0.001), on average, from 31.6 to 28.9 cm, over the first 10 minutes, with the working distance remaining stable after this initial period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Task-induced symptoms varied with both cognitive demand and mode of presentation. However, working distance did not vary significantly with these factors. The wording distance decreased during the first 10 minutes of each trial and was markedly closer than 40 cm for all conditions. The closer working distances being adopted should be considered during routine clinical testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19649,"journal":{"name":"Optometry and Vision Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optometry and Vision Science","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002238","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"OPHTHALMOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Significance: Digital devices are ubiquitous in modern daily life. Although a high prevalence of digital eyestrain has been reported, the mechanisms underlying digital eyestrain have not been fully elucidated, and there is currently no proven treatment.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the cognitive demand of a near task, mode of presentation (digital or paper), working distance, and symptoms of digital eyestrain.
Methods: Thirty young participants completed four 30-minute reading tasks. The four conditions (performed in randomized order) entailed (1) a cognitively demanding task performed on a tablet computer and (2) a less cognitively demanding task performed on the same device. Trials (3) and (4) were identical to (1) and (2) except that the tasks were performed on paper. Subjects could hold the reading task at any distance they felt comfortable. Before and immediately following each task, subjects completed a digital eyestrain symptom survey. For all four conditions, a spectacle-mounted device (Clouclip) was used to measure the working distance objectively.
Results: Although all four tasks induced significant symptoms, there was a significant difference between the four conditions, with the increase being greatest for the cognitively demanding task on the tablet computer. There was no significant difference in working distance for the four conditions, and all tasks showed a similar reduction in working distance (p=0.001), on average, from 31.6 to 28.9 cm, over the first 10 minutes, with the working distance remaining stable after this initial period.
Conclusions: Task-induced symptoms varied with both cognitive demand and mode of presentation. However, working distance did not vary significantly with these factors. The wording distance decreased during the first 10 minutes of each trial and was markedly closer than 40 cm for all conditions. The closer working distances being adopted should be considered during routine clinical testing.
期刊介绍：
Optometry and Vision Science is the monthly peer-reviewed scientific publication of the American Academy of Optometry, publishing original research since 1924. Optometry and Vision Science is an internationally recognized source for education and information on current discoveries in optometry, physiological optics, vision science, and related fields. The journal considers original contributions that advance clinical practice, vision science, and public health. Authors should remember that the journal reaches readers worldwide and their submissions should be relevant and of interest to a broad audience. Topical priorities include, but are not limited to: clinical and laboratory research, evidence-based reviews, contact lenses, ocular growth and refractive error development, eye movements, visual function and perception, biology of the eye and ocular disease, epidemiology and public health, biomedical optics and instrumentation, novel and important clinical observations and treatments, and optometric education.
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