Evaluating feasibility, health impact, and participant feedback of the Utah South Asian Cardiovascular Health Initiative (U-SACHI): A community-based screening and intervention program.

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally. In the United States, South Asians have a higher prevalence and earlier onset of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) compared to other ethnic groups. This study assessed the feasibility, health impact, and feedback of a community-based screening and intervention program focused on South Asians in Utah.

Methods: We conducted a feasibility study of the Utah South Asian Cardiovascular Health Initiative (U-SACHI) using the University of Utah Wellness Bus to perform cardiovascular screenings at the India Cultural Center (ICC) in Utah. Participants were South Asian adults aged 30+ without known severe cardiovascular disease. The screening included measurements of waist circumference, LDL, HDL, hemoglobin A1c, and lipoprotein(A). A monthly intervention program was offered to those who had at least one increased risk marker on a monthly basis. Metrics were measured before and after the intervention, and qualitative input was obtained.

Results: The combined screening events participant cohort consisted of 179 adults of South Asian descent. Based on desirable levels for South Asians as set out by the National Lipid Association, elevated waist circumference, BMI, LDL, and total cholesterol were confirmed in this cohort. At least one increased risk marker was present in 70 % of the subjects. The intervention program involved forty participants, of whom twenty-one finished most sessions. After completion, participants showed small improvements in some risk measures. Qualitative feedback highlighted that individuals reported more physical activity, made healthier food choices, and had higher levels of awareness.

Conclusion: The U-SACHI program is a feasible and effective model for improving cardiovascular health in South Asians through community-based screenings and culturally tailored interventions. This approach enhances early detection of CVD risk factors and also encourages sustainable lifestyle changes. Further research is necessary to explore strategies for improving long-term outcomes.