The Influence of Performance Status, Inflammation, and Nutrition on the Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Cancer Outcomes

IF 2.9 2区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI:10.1002/cam4.70807

Diego Rivas-Otero, Tomás González-Vidal, Pablo Agüeria-Cabal, Guillermo Ramos-Ruiz, Paula Jimenez-Fonseca, Carmen Lambert, Pedro Pujante Alarcón, Edelmiro Menéndez Torre, Miguel García-Villarino, Elías Delgado Álvarez

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Sodium–glucose-linked transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) may have antitumor effects. Previous studies analyzing their role in mortality and progression did not account for potential confounders, including cancer treatment, performance status, inflammatory markers, and nutritional status. This study aims to evaluate the impact of SGLT2i treatment on mortality and progression while considering these potential confounders.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 526 patients with cancer (302 women, mean age 64 years, range 40–79 years) were divided into two cohorts based on whether they were taking SGLT2i at the time of their cancer diagnosis and followed for 1 year or until death. All patients on SGLT2i were taking these drugs at standard clinical doses. Additional data collected included basic demographic variables, metabolic and lifestyle characteristics, cancer treatment received, performance status, inflammatory markers, and nutritional status. The primary endpoints were mortality and progression.

Results

Patients taking SGLT2i at the time of cancer diagnosis (n = 41) were more likely to have type 2 diabetes, to be male, to be ever-smokers, and to be older than patients not taking SGLT2i. In univariate analyses, SGLT2i treatment at the time of cancer diagnosis was not associated with mortality or cancer progression. Instead, mortality and cancer progression were positively associated with a diagnosis of T2D, male sex, older age, heavy alcohol drinking, ever-smoker status, poor performance status, increased inflammation, malnutrition, tumor site, cancer stage, and lack of cancer treatment. After adjusting for these potential confounders, SGLT2i treatment was not significantly associated with mortality or cancer progression.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the impact of SGLT2i treatment on cancer outcomes is limited under standard clinical dosing conditions.

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来源期刊

Cancer Medicine ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

907

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas: Clinical Cancer Research Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations Cancer Biology: Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery. Cancer Prevention: Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach. Bioinformatics: Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers. Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.