Association of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index with Body Composition and Laboratory Parameters in Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3-5.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) with body composition and laboratory parameters in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3-5.

Methods: A total of 89 individuals with CKD stages 3-5 were classified into two groups based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR): the CKD stages 3 to 4 group (n = 53) and the CKD stage 5 group (n = 36). Body composition parameters, including body fat mass, lean body mass, skeletal muscle mass, and body mass index, were measured. Laboratory indices, including hemoglobin, albumin, cholesterol, and the TyG index were analyzed. The correlations between the TyG index and these parameters were analyzed using Pearson correlation, and the factors of the TyG index were analyzed using linear regression.

Results: (1) Hemoglobin levels, lymphocyte counts, the TyG index, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were higher in patients with CKD stages 3 to 4 compared to those with CKD stage 5. (2) Measures of body composition, including body fat mass, lean body mass, skeletal muscle mass, and BMI were significantly higher in patients with CKD stages 3 to 4 compared to those with CKD stage 5. (3) The TyG index exhibited positive correlations with cholesterol, lymphocyte and monocyte counts, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and BMI, while showing a negative correlation with serum creatinine levels. (4) Multivariate linear regression suggested that creatinine, blood glucose, GFR, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio may be the influencing factors of TYG index.

Conclusion: TYG index was positively correlated with BMI. The TyG index, an indicator of insulin resistance, is closely linked to chronic inflammation, impaired renal function, and alterations in blood glucose and lipid profiles. These findings underscore the potential utility of the TyG index in assessing metabolic and inflammatory changes in CKD.