Unveiling mental health perspectives: Insights from key stakeholders including primary healthcare providers in a tribal District of Gujarat.

Abstract

Context: Mental disorders impact over 25% of people worldwide, with a prevalence of 14.9% in India, higher in rural (17.1%) than urban (12.7%) areas. Effective treatment is limited, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Integrating mental health into primary care and understanding stakeholder knowledge gaps are essential to improving services and reducing stigma.

Objectives: This study qualitatively assessed the perspectives of primary healthcare providers and key stakeholders, such as PRI members, regarding common mental disorders in tribal and remote areas.

Materials and methods: Fourteen in-depth interviews were conducted with primary care physicians, private practitioners, and PRI members, following written consent for audio recording. Two talukas were randomly selected, and two PHCs from each were chosen for data collection. Content analysis was used to identify themes and codes from the interview transcripts.

Results: Interviews revealed varied perspectives on mental health. PRI members demonstrated limited understanding, often attributing mental disorders to supernatural causes or stress, and preferred traditional healers. They recommended increased involvement of NGOs and enhanced awareness. Primary care providers highlighted the need for better training, mental health OPDs, and improved access to treatment and medications, noting shortages in government facilities.

Conclusions: Key themes included limited mental health knowledge, reliance on faith healers, and a need for enhanced training and awareness. Recommendations include improving mental health education, establishing dedicated clinics, increasing professional availability in rural areas, and shifting community attitudes through awareness campaigns and local volunteer training. Effective implementation requires robust government support and NGO collaboration.