Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue, Desire Takou, Marina Potesta, Sandrine Claire Ndjeyep Djupsa, Carla Montesano, Collins Ambes Chenwi, Grace Beloumou, Alex Durand Nka, Aurelie Minelle Kengni Ngueko, Evariste Molimbou, Naomi-Karell Etame, Davy-Hyacinthe Gouissi Anguechia, Audrey Rachel Mundo Nayang, Pamela Patricia Tueguem, Therese Ndomgue, Derrick Tambe Ayuk Ngwese, Larissa Gaëlle Moko Fotso, Carlos Michel Tommo Tchouaket, Aude Christelle Ka'e, Nadine Fainguem, Cyrille Alain Abega Abega, Nadia Mandeng, Emilienne Epee, Linda Esso, Georges Etoundi Mballa, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Anne-Cecile Z-K Bissek, John Otokoye Otshudiema, Claudia Alteri, Yap Boum Ii, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Alexis Ndjolo, Carlo-Federico Perno, Jean Kaseya, Vittorio Colizzi, Nicaise Ndembi, Joseph Fokam
{"title":"Disparities in anti-SARS-CoV-2 reactivity according to vaccines administered in the era of omicron in Cameroon: Lessons for future outbreak response.","authors":"Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue, Desire Takou, Marina Potesta, Sandrine Claire Ndjeyep Djupsa, Carla Montesano, Collins Ambes Chenwi, Grace Beloumou, Alex Durand Nka, Aurelie Minelle Kengni Ngueko, Evariste Molimbou, Naomi-Karell Etame, Davy-Hyacinthe Gouissi Anguechia, Audrey Rachel Mundo Nayang, Pamela Patricia Tueguem, Therese Ndomgue, Derrick Tambe Ayuk Ngwese, Larissa Gaëlle Moko Fotso, Carlos Michel Tommo Tchouaket, Aude Christelle Ka'e, Nadine Fainguem, Cyrille Alain Abega Abega, Nadia Mandeng, Emilienne Epee, Linda Esso, Georges Etoundi Mballa, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Anne-Cecile Z-K Bissek, John Otokoye Otshudiema, Claudia Alteri, Yap Boum Ii, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Alexis Ndjolo, Carlo-Federico Perno, Jean Kaseya, Vittorio Colizzi, Nicaise Ndembi, Joseph Fokam","doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0004312","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the advent of COVID-19, anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were a global health priority, but evidence on their significance within tropical settings remained limited. We sought to assess the distribution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies according to vaccine status and types of vaccines administered in Cameroon during Omicron waves. A community based cross-sectional sero-survey was conducted from February-15 through July-31 2022 among individuals tested for COVID-19 in Yaoundé-Cameroon. Sociodemographic data were collected from participants. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (both IgG and IgM) were tested on plasma and statistical analyses were performed wherever appropriate. Logistic regression was done with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Overall, 2449 participants were enrolled: median-age was 40 [31-49], 56.4% (1382/2449) men, 2.2% (54/2449) with flu-like symptoms and 19.6% (481/2449) reporting previous SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Regarding COVID-19 vaccination, 67.5% (1652/2449) had received at least one dose, 55.0% (909/1652) two-dose series and 37.1% (613/1652) received additional booster doses. Median duration from vaccination to phlebotomy was 5 [4-9] months. Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 81.1% (1987/2449). Following logistic regression, vaccine status (aOR=1.95), booster doses (aOR=1.36), post-vaccination time (≤5 months; aOR=1.64), Pfizer (aOR=2.07) and Moderna (aOR=1.52) vaccines, were all associated with a high prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (all p<0.05). This high seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies suggests a certain degree of immunity/protection at community-level in Cameroon during Omicron waves, with Pfizer and Moderna inducing greater immunogenicity. However, rapid antibody waning (~5 months) calls for vaccine updates with novel variants (arising from a rapidly evolving virus) that could compromise already acquired immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":74466,"journal":{"name":"PLOS global public health","volume":"5 3","pages":"e0004312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"PLOS global public health","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004312","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
With the advent of COVID-19, anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were a global health priority, but evidence on their significance within tropical settings remained limited. We sought to assess the distribution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies according to vaccine status and types of vaccines administered in Cameroon during Omicron waves. A community based cross-sectional sero-survey was conducted from February-15 through July-31 2022 among individuals tested for COVID-19 in Yaoundé-Cameroon. Sociodemographic data were collected from participants. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (both IgG and IgM) were tested on plasma and statistical analyses were performed wherever appropriate. Logistic regression was done with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Overall, 2449 participants were enrolled: median-age was 40 [31-49], 56.4% (1382/2449) men, 2.2% (54/2449) with flu-like symptoms and 19.6% (481/2449) reporting previous SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Regarding COVID-19 vaccination, 67.5% (1652/2449) had received at least one dose, 55.0% (909/1652) two-dose series and 37.1% (613/1652) received additional booster doses. Median duration from vaccination to phlebotomy was 5 [4-9] months. Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 81.1% (1987/2449). Following logistic regression, vaccine status (aOR=1.95), booster doses (aOR=1.36), post-vaccination time (≤5 months; aOR=1.64), Pfizer (aOR=2.07) and Moderna (aOR=1.52) vaccines, were all associated with a high prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (all p<0.05). This high seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies suggests a certain degree of immunity/protection at community-level in Cameroon during Omicron waves, with Pfizer and Moderna inducing greater immunogenicity. However, rapid antibody waning (~5 months) calls for vaccine updates with novel variants (arising from a rapidly evolving virus) that could compromise already acquired immunity.
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