Exploring the Association between Diabetes Distress and Personality Traits: Insights from the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders.

IF 1.3 Q3 PSYCHIATRY
Alpha psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-02-28 eCollection Date: 2025-02-01 DOI:10.31083/AP38760
Judita Konečná, David Lacko, Eva Horová, Karel D Riegel
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Abstract

Objective: Little is known about the association between subjectively experienced levels of diabetes distress (DD) and personality traits (PTs), even when levels of DD appear stable over time. This study aimed to use the Alternative Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) to associate specific maladaptive PTs with experienced DD and to describe differences in the constellation of PTs between people with type 1 diabetes (PWT1D) and type 2 diabetes (PWT2D).

Methods: A total of 358 participants with diabetes mellitus (DM) (56.2% female, mean age 42.33 years, standard deviation (SD) = 14.33) were evaluated using the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) and the shortened 160-item version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). Psychometric properties of the DDS were evaluated first, then the association between DDS and PID-5 scores, and the differences between groups based on diabetes type and DD level, were analyzed.

Results: Strong associations were found between the PID-5 Negative Affectivity (NEF) domain and the emotional burden (β = 0.852, p Holm < 0.001) and regimen distress (β = 0.435, p Holm = 0.006) DDS subscale scores. PWT1D had a higher level of personality pathology than PWT2D, as did participants with elevated levels of DD across most domains and facets of PID-5.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that attention should be paid to the level of NEF among people with diabetes in relation to their emotional burden and perception of regimen distress. We recommend a distinction between people based on their diabetes type. Implications for clinical practice and interventions for DD perceived through the lens of the dimensional DSM-5 PT model are discussed.

目的:人们对糖尿病困扰(DD)的主观体验水平与人格特质(PTs)之间的关联知之甚少,即使DD水平随着时间的推移而趋于稳定。本研究旨在使用《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第五版(DSM-5)人格障碍替代模型(AMPD),将特定的适应不良型人格特质与经历过的糖尿病困扰联系起来,并描述1型糖尿病患者(PWT1D)和2型糖尿病患者(PWT2D)之间人格特质组合的差异:使用糖尿病患者压力量表(DDS)和DSM-5人格量表(PID-5)的160项缩短版对358名糖尿病患者(56.2%为女性,平均年龄42.33岁,标准差(SD)=14.33)进行了评估。首先评估了 DDS 的心理测量特性,然后分析了 DDS 和 PID-5 分数之间的关联,以及基于糖尿病类型和 DD 水平的组间差异:结果:PID-5 负性情感(NEF)域与情绪负担(β = 0.852,p Holm < 0.001)和疗程困扰(β = 0.435,p Holm = 0.006)DDS 分量表得分之间存在很强的关联。PWT1D的人格病理学水平高于PWT2D,在PID-5的大多数领域和方面,DD水平升高的参与者的人格病理学水平也高于PWT2D:我们的研究结果表明,应关注糖尿病患者的 NEF 水平与其情绪负担和疗程困扰感的关系。我们建议根据糖尿病类型对患者进行区分。我们还讨论了通过DSM-5 PT模型的维度来认识DD对临床实践和干预措施的影响。
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