Mood symptoms, cognitive function, and changes of brain hemodynamics in patients with COVID-19: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

IF 3.9 4区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Wen-Jin Ma, Ruo-Chao Yuan, Zi-Yu Peng, Qian Wu, Manal Al-Matary, Hui-Shu Yang, Peng Cheng, Guang-Ju Zhao, Chao-Chao Lu, Yue-Xin Zhang, Jia-Kun Hong, Wei-Hui Li
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Abstract

Background: Many patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may experience emotional issues and cognitive impairment. However, it remains unclear whether the brain mediates the impact of COVID-19 on the emergence of psychopathological symptoms. It remains unclear whether anxiety and depression are caused by stressors or viral infection.

Aim: To use functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to detect cortical hemodynamic changes in patients with COVID-19 and their relationship with mental symptoms (mainly depression and anxiety), to investigate whether COVID-19 causes these changes by affecting brain function.

Methods: A total of 58 subjects, comprising 29 patients with first acute COVID-19 infection and 29 healthy controls without COVID-19 infection and without anxiety or depression were recruited. Then cortical activation during the performance of the verbal fluency test (VFT) and brain connectivity during the resting state (rs) were evaluated by 53-channel fNIRS. For the COVID-19-infected group, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to assess the emotional state before fNIRS measures.

Results: For the rs, compared to the uninfected group, the infected group exhibited lower rs functional connectivity (FC) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), which was correlated with both the PHQ score and GAD score. During the VFT, the infected group exhibited significantly lower cortical activation than the uninfected group in both Broca-left and Broca-right. Besides, the integral value in the DLPFC-L showed a significant negative correlation with the PHQ-9 score during the VFT in the infected group.

Conclusion: There were significant differences in the bilateral Broca area and DLPFC between the COVID-19-infected and uninfected groups, which may be the reason why COVID-19 infection impairs cognitive function and language function and leads to psychiatric symptoms. In addition, the rsFC in patients with COVID-19 was positively correlated with the severity of depression and anxiety, which may be related to the fact that the mental symptoms of patients with COVID-19 are characterized by depression and anxiety, rather than depression or anxiety alone. Our study provides evidence that the psychological and emotional issues caused by COVID-19 are not only due to external social factors but also involve more direct brain neural mechanisms and abnormal neural circuits, which also provide insights into the future treatment and prognosis of individuals with COVID-19.

COVID-19患者的情绪症状、认知功能和脑血流动力学变化:功能性近红外光谱研究
背景:许多冠状病毒病2019 (COVID-19)患者可能会出现情绪问题和认知障碍。然而,目前尚不清楚大脑是否介导了COVID-19对精神病理症状出现的影响。目前尚不清楚焦虑和抑郁是由压力源还是病毒感染引起的。目的:利用功能性近红外光谱(fNIRS)检测COVID-19患者皮层血流动力学变化及其与精神症状(主要是抑郁和焦虑)的关系,探讨COVID-19是否通过影响脑功能导致这些变化。方法:共招募58名受试者,包括29例首次急性COVID-19感染患者和29例未感染COVID-19且无焦虑或抑郁的健康对照。然后用53通道近红外光谱(53-channel fNIRS)评估语言流畅性测试(VFT)时的皮层激活和静息状态(rs)时的大脑连通性。采用《患者健康问卷-9》(PHQ-9)和《一般焦虑障碍量表-7》(GAD-7)对新冠肺炎感染组进行fNIRS测量前的情绪状态评估。结果:对于rs,与未感染组相比,感染组在背外侧前额叶皮层(DLPFC)中表现出较低的rs功能连通性(FC),这与PHQ评分和GAD评分相关。在VFT期间,感染组在左、右布罗卡区表现出明显低于未感染组的皮质激活。感染组VFT期间DLPFC-L积分值与PHQ-9评分呈显著负相关。结论:新型冠状病毒感染组与未感染组双侧Broca区和DLPFC存在显著差异,这可能是新型冠状病毒感染导致认知功能和语言功能受损并导致精神症状的原因。此外,COVID-19患者的rsFC与抑郁和焦虑的严重程度呈正相关,这可能与COVID-19患者的精神症状以抑郁和焦虑为特征,而不仅仅是抑郁或焦虑有关。我们的研究证明了COVID-19引起的心理和情绪问题不仅是由外部社会因素引起的,还涉及更直接的脑神经机制和神经回路异常,这也为COVID-19个体的未来治疗和预后提供了新的思路。
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来源期刊
自引率
6.50%
发文量
110
期刊介绍: The World Journal of Psychiatry (WJP) is a high-quality, peer reviewed, open-access journal. The primary task of WJP is to rapidly publish high-quality original articles, reviews, editorials, and case reports in the field of psychiatry. In order to promote productive academic communication, the peer review process for the WJP is transparent; to this end, all published manuscripts are accompanied by the anonymized reviewers’ comments as well as the authors’ responses. The primary aims of the WJP are to improve diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive modalities and the skills of clinicians and to guide clinical practice in psychiatry.
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