{"title":"Biomechanical simulations of crystalline lens oscillations resulting from the changes in the gaze in an accommodated eye.","authors":"Ali Dahaghin, Milad Salimibani, Agnieszka Boszczyk, Agnieszka Jóźwik, Jorge Grasa, Joanna Przeździecka-Dołyk, Damian Siedlecki","doi":"10.3389/fbioe.2025.1504769","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The goal of the study is to introduce a generic, versatile biomechanical model that aims to reproduce the dynamic wobbling phenomenon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic strategy is used, which includes a) capturing the <i>in vivo</i> data on a group of healthy volunteers, b) analyzing the changes in Purkinje images over time, and c) performing the combined biomechanical and optical simulations to develop the model that might be useful for understanding the mechanical behavior of the lens during wobbling and its influence on ocular dynamics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Examples of lens wobbling patterns for six measured eyes were presented, and parameters characterizing the oscillatory motion were determined, including frequency of oscillations, Q-factor, damping factor and time constant. The average values of these parameters are the following: frequency: 20.0 ± 2.4 Hz; Q-factor: 1.86 ± 0.44; damping factor: 0.27 ± 0.06; time constant: 0.11 ± 0.06 s. The data reproduced by means of simulations: frequency: 19.3 Hz; Q-factor: 2.17; damping factor: 0.23; time constant: 0.15 s. This comparison reveals a good agreement between the measured and reconstructed data with the values being within the standard deviation limits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed generic model together with the presented methodology is able to reconstruct the typical crystalline lens wobbling dynamics with a satisfying accuracy. However, the observed intersubject variability highlights the need for personalized biomechanical models. The introduced model may constitute the basis for future individualization of the data, bringing broad perspectives for prospective investigations aimed to explain the biomechanical mechanisms within the eye.</p>","PeriodicalId":12444,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1504769"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920574/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2025.1504769","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Purpose: The goal of the study is to introduce a generic, versatile biomechanical model that aims to reproduce the dynamic wobbling phenomenon.
Methods: A systematic strategy is used, which includes a) capturing the in vivo data on a group of healthy volunteers, b) analyzing the changes in Purkinje images over time, and c) performing the combined biomechanical and optical simulations to develop the model that might be useful for understanding the mechanical behavior of the lens during wobbling and its influence on ocular dynamics.
Results: Examples of lens wobbling patterns for six measured eyes were presented, and parameters characterizing the oscillatory motion were determined, including frequency of oscillations, Q-factor, damping factor and time constant. The average values of these parameters are the following: frequency: 20.0 ± 2.4 Hz; Q-factor: 1.86 ± 0.44; damping factor: 0.27 ± 0.06; time constant: 0.11 ± 0.06 s. The data reproduced by means of simulations: frequency: 19.3 Hz; Q-factor: 2.17; damping factor: 0.23; time constant: 0.15 s. This comparison reveals a good agreement between the measured and reconstructed data with the values being within the standard deviation limits.
Conclusion: The developed generic model together with the presented methodology is able to reconstruct the typical crystalline lens wobbling dynamics with a satisfying accuracy. However, the observed intersubject variability highlights the need for personalized biomechanical models. The introduced model may constitute the basis for future individualization of the data, bringing broad perspectives for prospective investigations aimed to explain the biomechanical mechanisms within the eye.
期刊介绍：
The translation of new discoveries in medicine to clinical routine has never been easy. During the second half of the last century, thanks to the progress in chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology, we have seen the development and the application of a large number of drugs and devices aimed at the treatment of symptoms, blocking unwanted pathways and, in the case of infectious diseases, fighting the micro-organisms responsible. However, we are facing, today, a dramatic change in the therapeutic approach to pathologies and diseases. Indeed, the challenge of the present and the next decade is to fully restore the physiological status of the diseased organism and to completely regenerate tissue and organs when they are so seriously affected that treatments cannot be limited to the repression of symptoms or to the repair of damage. This is being made possible thanks to the major developments made in basic cell and molecular biology, including stem cell science, growth factor delivery, gene isolation and transfection, the advances in bioengineering and nanotechnology, including development of new biomaterials, biofabrication technologies and use of bioreactors, and the big improvements in diagnostic tools and imaging of cells, tissues and organs.
In today`s world, an enhancement of communication between multidisciplinary experts, together with the promotion of joint projects and close collaborations among scientists, engineers, industry people, regulatory agencies and physicians are absolute requirements for the success of any attempt to develop and clinically apply a new biological therapy or an innovative device involving the collective use of biomaterials, cells and/or bioactive molecules. “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” aspires to be a forum for all people involved in the process by bridging the gap too often existing between a discovery in the basic sciences and its clinical application.
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