Mussel-inspired remineralizing agent: effects on morphology and permeability of dentin after erosion and abrasion cycling protocol.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects on morphology and permeability of dentin after an erosive and abrasive cycling protocol followed by treatment with an experimental solution containing dopamine.

Materials and methods: Dentin hypersensitivity was simulated in human dentin discs by applying EDTA for 5 min. After assessing maximum dentin permeability (initial), specimens were randomly allocated into four groups: distilled water (control), NaF 0.05% solution, a commercial solution (Colgate^® Sensitive Pró-AlívioTM), or an experimental solution containing dopamine and laccase (n = 15). An erosive/abrasive cycling protocol was applied, including 0.3% citric acid for 2 min 4x/day, brushing for 5 s 2x/day, treatments for 5 min 2x/day. Dentin permeability was reassessed (final). Percentage permeability for each time point was calculated relative to maximum permeability (%Lp) and analyzed by generalized linear mixed models (α = 0.05). Surface effects were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.

Results: A significant reduction in permeability occurred in all groups post-cycling and treatment (p < 0.05), with no significant differences between groups (p = 0.6082). All groups exhibited sparse surface deposits, with few occluded tubules. Tubules appeared smaller in diameter in the Colgate^® and experimental solution groups, while distilled water and NaF groups showed more open tubules.

Conclusion: In this model, dopamine demonstrated a limited effect, showing no significant protection of the dentin surface or reduction in permeability, similar to the other tested solutions.

Clinical relevance: Changes in the habits of modern society have increased the prevalence of tooth wear and dentin hypersensitivity. In this context, it is essential to develop not only new active ingredients to prevent or minimize mineral loss but also new treatment methods.