Assessment of the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of infection and safety of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 among Egyptian patients.

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

BMC Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI:10.1186/s12879-024-10362-8

Amira A Zidan, Ahmed Yousef Jad, Nermine H Zakaria, Hazem M El-Hariri, Maged El-Setouhy

{"title":"Assessment of the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of infection and safety of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 among Egyptian patients.","authors":"Amira A Zidan, Ahmed Yousef Jad, Nermine H Zakaria, Hazem M El-Hariri, Maged El-Setouhy","doi":"10.1186/s12879-024-10362-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Understanding the factors that influence clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and the safety of various vaccines is important to inform public health strategies, particularly in diverse communities. This study aimed to assess the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and vaccination safety among the Egyptian population.Methods: In a retrospective study, we examined 1597 patients who tested positive for COVID-19. Among them, 1280 patients had received the vaccination, while 317 patients had not. We collected data from medical records, which included clinical characteristics, comorbidities, disease severity, type of vaccination, and adverse hematological effects postvaccination. We calculated the relative risk, odds ratio, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: Among the 1,597 COVID-19 cases, 74.1% were mild, 24.8% were moderate, and 1.1% were severe. Significant factors for moderate/severe cases included male sex (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64-0.95), cardiovascular diseases (RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.32-2.64), respiratory diseases (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.08-1.82), diabetes mellitus (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.07-1.86), and previous COVID-19 infection (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.02-1.46). Vaccination reduced the severity risk, with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) showing a significant protective effect (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62-0.98). Clinical presentations varied, with 97.6% having an oxygen saturation ≥ 92%. Logistic regression indicated that male sex and BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) vaccination were protective factors. Linear regression revealed that the male sex increased hemoglobin and leucocyte counts, whereas BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) decreased leucocyte and platelet counts.Conclusion: Vaccination, particularly with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm), significantly reduces COVID-19 severity among Egyptians, despite various clinical presentations and hematological effects.Clinical trial number: Not applicable.","PeriodicalId":8981,"journal":{"name":"BMC Infectious Diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":"384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924763/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BMC Infectious Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10362-8","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Understanding the factors that influence clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and the safety of various vaccines is important to inform public health strategies, particularly in diverse communities. This study aimed to assess the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and vaccination safety among the Egyptian population.

Methods: In a retrospective study, we examined 1597 patients who tested positive for COVID-19. Among them, 1280 patients had received the vaccination, while 317 patients had not. We collected data from medical records, which included clinical characteristics, comorbidities, disease severity, type of vaccination, and adverse hematological effects postvaccination. We calculated the relative risk, odds ratio, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: Among the 1,597 COVID-19 cases, 74.1% were mild, 24.8% were moderate, and 1.1% were severe. Significant factors for moderate/severe cases included male sex (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64-0.95), cardiovascular diseases (RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.32-2.64), respiratory diseases (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.08-1.82), diabetes mellitus (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.07-1.86), and previous COVID-19 infection (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.02-1.46). Vaccination reduced the severity risk, with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) showing a significant protective effect (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62-0.98). Clinical presentations varied, with 97.6% having an oxygen saturation ≥ 92%. Logistic regression indicated that male sex and BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) vaccination were protective factors. Linear regression revealed that the male sex increased hemoglobin and leucocyte counts, whereas BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) decreased leucocyte and platelet counts.

Conclusion: Vaccination, particularly with BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm), significantly reduces COVID-19 severity among Egyptians, despite various clinical presentations and hematological effects.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

查看原文本刊更多论文

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

BMC Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

860

审稿时长

3.3 months

期刊介绍： BMC Infectious Diseases is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of infectious and sexually transmitted diseases in humans, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.