Bacteriophage–Bacteria Interactions Promote Ecological Multifunctionality in Compost-Applied Soils

IF 4.3 2区生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY

Environmental microbiology Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI:10.1111/1462-2920.70074

Shimao Wu, Wen Zhang, Danrui Wang, Jose Luis Balcazar, Guanghao Wang, Mao Ye, Huizhen Chao, Mingming Sun, Feng Hu

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Abstract

Bacteriophages (phages) influence biogeochemical cycling in soil ecosystems by mediating bacterial metabolism. However, the participation of phages in soil's overall ecological functions (multifunctionality) remains unclear. Hence, this study investigated the potential for phages and bacterial communities to shape the multifunctionality of compost-applied soils. The findings revealed that cow compost and vermicompost applications enhanced the soil's multifunctionality; consequently, the highest multifunctionality was observed in the soil with vermicompost application (p < 0.05). The composition and diversity of bacteria and phages, as well as the abundance of functional genes of bacteria and phages related to carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur metabolism, were dramatically altered following the application of both compost types. Moreover, the impact of phage diversity on soil multifunctionality is crucial for multi-threshold calculations. Structural equation modelling indicated that the effects of bacterial diversity on soil multifunctionality following compost application were paramount, with a path coefficient of 0.88 (p < 0.01). The rise in phage diversity and the enrichment of functional genes indirectly led to a dramatic increase in the soil's ecological multifunctionality by affecting the host bacteria's metabolic processes. These results offer a novel avenue to improve soil's functions and environmental services by transforming the phage community composition and functions of soils.

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噬菌体-细菌相互作用促进堆肥土壤的生态多功能性

噬菌体通过介导细菌代谢影响土壤生态系统的生物地球化学循环。然而，噬菌体在土壤整体生态功能（多功能性）中的参与尚不清楚。因此，本研究探讨了噬菌体和细菌群落塑造堆肥土壤多功能的潜力。结果表明：施用牛粪和蚯蚓粪可增强土壤的多功能性；因此，施用蚯蚓堆肥的土壤具有最高的多功能性（p < 0.05）。施用两种堆肥后，细菌和噬菌体的组成和多样性以及细菌和噬菌体碳、氮、磷和硫代谢相关功能基因的丰度都发生了显著变化。此外，噬菌体多样性对土壤多功能性的影响对于多阈值计算至关重要。结构方程模型表明，施用堆肥后细菌多样性对土壤多功能性的影响最为显著，通径系数为0.88 （p < 0.01）。噬菌体多样性的增加和功能基因的富集，通过影响宿主细菌的代谢过程，间接导致土壤生态多功能性的急剧增加。这些结果为通过改变土壤噬菌体群落组成和功能来改善土壤功能和环境服务提供了新的途径。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Environmental microbiology 环境科学-微生物学

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

3.90%

发文量

427

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Microbiology provides a high profile vehicle for publication of the most innovative, original and rigorous research in the field. The scope of the Journal encompasses the diversity of current research on microbial processes in the environment, microbial communities, interactions and evolution and includes, but is not limited to, the following: the structure, activities and communal behaviour of microbial communities microbial community genetics and evolutionary processes microbial symbioses, microbial interactions and interactions with plants, animals and abiotic factors microbes in the tree of life, microbial diversification and evolution population biology and clonal structure microbial metabolic and structural diversity microbial physiology, growth and survival microbes and surfaces, adhesion and biofouling responses to environmental signals and stress factors modelling and theory development pollution microbiology extremophiles and life in extreme and unusual little-explored habitats element cycles and biogeochemical processes, primary and secondary production microbes in a changing world, microbially-influenced global changes evolution and diversity of archaeal and bacterial viruses new technological developments in microbial ecology and evolution, in particular for the study of activities of microbial communities, non-culturable microorganisms and emerging pathogens