Association of neighborhood disadvantage with cognitive function and cortical disorganization in an unimpaired cohort: An exploratory study

IF 13 1区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Alzheimer's & Dementia Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI:10.1002/alz.70095

Apoorva Safai, William R Buckingham, Erin M Jonaitis, Rebecca E Langhough, Sterling C. Johnson, W. Ryan Powell, Amy J. Kind, Barbara B. Bendlin, Pallavi Tiwari

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Neighborhood disadvantage has been shown to impact health and cognitive outcomes, while morphological similarity network (MSN) can elucidate structural morphological patterns underlying cognitive functions. We hypothesized MSNs could provide cortical patterns linked with neighborhood disadvantage and cognitive function, explaining the potential risk of cognitive impairment in disadvantaged neighborhoods.

METHODS

For cognitively unimpaired participants from the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center or Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (n = 524), and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort (n = 100), neighborhood disadvantage was obtained using Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and its association with cognitive performance and MSN features was analyzed using linear regression and mediation analysis.

RESULTS

Neighborhood disadvantage was associated with worse cognitive performance on memory, executive function, processing speed, and preclinical Alzheimer's tests on both datasets. Local morphological organization of predominantly the frontal and temporal regions showed association trends with ADI.

DISCUSSION

Morphological patterns associated with ADI, in-part, may explain the risk for poor cognitive functioning in a neighborhood disadvantaged population.

Highlights

Social determinants of health such as neighborhood context can be studied using ADI.
High neighborhood disadvantage was related to worse performance on category fluency, implicit learning speed, story recall memory and pre-clinical Alzheimer's cognitive composite.
In this exploratory study, using morphological brain networks that indicate similarity in distribution of cortical thickness between regions, we observed that centrality of predominantly frontal and temporal regions was marginally linked with neighborhood disadvantage status and also partially mediated its association with preclinical Alzheimer's composite test.
There is a potential role for considering neighborhood status in early screening of cognitive impairment and dementia.

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来源期刊

Alzheimer's & Dementia 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

14.50

自引率

5.00%

发文量

299

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Alzheimer's & Dementia is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to bridge knowledge gaps in dementia research by covering the entire spectrum, from basic science to clinical trials to social and behavioral investigations. It provides a platform for rapid communication of new findings and ideas, optimal translation of research into practical applications, increasing knowledge across diverse disciplines for early detection, diagnosis, and intervention, and identifying promising new research directions. In July 2008, Alzheimer's & Dementia was accepted for indexing by MEDLINE, recognizing its scientific merit and contribution to Alzheimer's research.