Retrospective study of 353 confirmed cases of urolithiasis in dogs and cats treated at veterinary clinics in the northern region of Pará, Brazil.

Abstract

Urolithiasis is the third most prevalent disease of the urinary tract of dogs and cats, and is characterized by presence of crystals and / or formation of stones. The present study objective was to report the confirmation rate of suspected cases of urolithiasis in dogs and cats treated at veterinary clinics in the city of Santarém, Pará. A retrospective cohort study was carried out from the database of medical records from six veterinary clinics from the years 2012 to 2023. Dogs and cats were evaluated for clinical suspicion, species, age, breed, feeding type, diagnosis, location of the urolith and type of urolith. As the data did not present a normal distribution, they were submitted to the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. The analyses were performed using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS), considering a 5% significance level. Of the 532 files analyzed of suspected cases, 353 were confirmed. The percentage of cases in cats (72.23%) was higher than in dogs (55.37%). The age range between 2 and 5 years was the period when it had more confirmed cases and most of the uroliths were found in the urinary vesicle, both in dogs and cats. It was concluded that there was a high index of confirmed cases of urolithiasis in dogs and cats, being superior in this last species. In addition, in both species are more affected animals between 2 and 5 years of age, being more common the location of uroliths in the bladder.