Eosinophil percentage and platelet counts: Association with in-hospital mortality in ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction.

Abstract

Background: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) results from coronary artery blockage due to ruptured atherosclerotic plaque. Eosinophils play a dual role in STEMI, contributing to thrombus formation and tissue repair. This study investigates the association between eosinophil percentage, platelet counts, and in-hospital prognosis in STEMI patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to February 2020, including patients aged 18 and above with a STEMI diagnosis. In-hospital mortality, arrhythmia, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were recorded. Demographic data, clinical manifestations, and laboratory investigations were collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 25.0), with a P value of <0.05 considered significant.

Results: The study included 100 STEMI patients with a mean age of 65±13.26 years; 75% were male. The mortality rate was 13%. A significant relationship was found between eosinophil percentage and mortality (p=0.032), and platelet count also correlated significantly with mortality (p=0.008). The association between eosinophil percentage and EF was significant (p<0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.705 (95% CI 0.605 - 0.792) for platelet counts and 0.679 (95% CI 0.577 - 0.770) for eosinophil percentage in differentiating live and expired patients.

Conclusion: Platelet count could be a significant prognostic indicator for in-hospital outcomes in STEMI patients, suggesting an increased risk of mortality. Additionally, there is a notable relationship between eosinophil percentage and ejection fraction (EF).