Histopathology of C Cells and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Q3 Medicine
José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro, Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

C cells are the neuroendocrine cell component of the thyroid gland that embryologically arise from the pharyngeal endoderm. Normal C cells are concentrated in the upper two-thirds of both lateral lobes, appear singly or in small groups dispersed in, among or peripherally to the follicles, and are involved in the production of calcitonin. Reactive C-cell hyperplasia should be differentiated from proliferation of atypical C cells (neoplastic C-cell hyperplasia) which is considered an intraepithelial neoplasia of C cells/medullary carcinoma in situ, a precursor lesion associated to familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). MTC typically exhibits a lobular and/or trabecular growth pattern with amyloid deposits; however, due to its great histological variability, immunohistochemical positivity for calcitonin, carcinoembryonic antigen, calcitonin-gene-related peptide, insulinoma-associated protein 1, and/or other markers is necessary to confirm diagnosis. Investigation of germline RET proto-oncogene mutation is mandatory to identify familial MTC. Somatic RET mutations or fusions as well as RAS mutations in cytological and/or biopsy samples may represent therapeutic targets. Mixed medullary and follicular-derived cell carcinoma is a heterogeneous group of tumors which needs to be distinguished from collision tumors.

C细胞与甲状腺髓样癌的组织病理学研究。
C细胞是甲状腺的神经内分泌细胞成分,胚胎起源于咽内胚层。正常的C细胞集中在两侧叶的上三分之二,单个或小群分布在卵泡中、卵泡之间或卵泡周围,参与降钙素的产生。反应性C细胞增生应与非典型C细胞增生(肿瘤性C细胞增生)区分开来,后者被认为是C细胞/髓样原位癌的上皮内瘤变,是家族性甲状腺髓样癌(MTC)的前兆病变。MTC典型表现为小叶和/或小梁生长模式,伴淀粉样蛋白沉积;然而,由于其具有很大的组织学变异性,因此需要降钙素、癌胚抗原、降钙素基因相关肽、胰岛素瘤相关蛋白1和/或其他标志物的免疫组化阳性才能确诊。研究种系RET原癌基因突变是确定家族性MTC的必要条件。体细胞RET突变或融合以及细胞学和/或活检样本中的RAS突变可能代表治疗靶点。混合性髓样和滤泡源性细胞癌是一种异质性肿瘤,需要与碰撞性肿瘤区分开来。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
0.00%
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