Cryptosporidium in Rabbits: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence, Species/Genotypes Distribution and Zoonotic Significance.

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary Medicine and Science Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1002/vms3.70309

Ali Ghorbani, Ali Asghari, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Milad Badri, Laya Shamsi, Fatemeh Hanifeh, Behnam Mohammadi-Ghalehbin, Saiyad Bastaminejad

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the global prevalence, species/genotype distribution and zoonotic impact of Cryptosporidium in rabbits.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science was performed for studies from 2000 to 25 October 2024 on Cryptosporidium spp. in rabbits. Data on publication/implementation years, prevalence rates, rabbit types, diagnostics, countries and species/genotypes were collected. A meta-analysis with random-effects models estimated overall prevalence and assessed heterogeneity using the I² index. A sensitivity analysis evaluated the robustness of the results.

Results: This systematic review included 26 studies with 6093 rabbits from 9 countries, revealing a pooled Cryptosporidium spp. prevalence of 9% (95% CI: 6%-13.4%). Three zoonotic species were found in rabbits: Cryptosporidium cuniculus in 18 studies and each of C. parvum and C. andersoni in 1 study. The isolates included 2 genotypes of C. cuniculus (Va, Vb) and 1 genotype of C. parvum (IIc), along with 18 subtypes of C. cuniculus (VaA16, VaA18, VaA31, VbA18, VbA19, VbA21, VbA22, VbA23, VbA24, VbA25, VbA26, VbA28, VbA29, VbA31, VbA32, VbA33, VbA35 and VbA36). Among these, 11 subtypes (VbA19, VbA22-VbA26, VbA28, VbA29 and VbA31-VbA33) are identified as zoonotic. Pet rabbits had the highest Cryptosporidium spp. pooled prevalence at 21.9% (95% CI: 14.7%-31.3%), followed by farmed rabbits at 9.7% (95% CI: 5.1%-17.8%), wild rabbits at 8.8% (95% CI: 4.8%-15.5%) and laboratory rabbits at 1% (95% CI: 0.3%-3.1%), with higher rates noted in Africa and the AFR WHO region.

Conclusions: This study assessed the global distribution of Cryptosporidium spp. in rabbits, highlighting its zoonotic implications. It serves as a key resource for researchers, veterinarians and public health officials for future studies and control strategies.

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来源期刊

Veterinary Medicine and Science Veterinary-General Veterinary

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

296

期刊介绍： Veterinary Medicine and Science is the peer-reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of research in all areas of veterinary medicine and science. The journal aims to serve the research community by providing a vehicle for authors wishing to publish interesting and high quality work in both fundamental and clinical veterinary medicine and science. Veterinary Medicine and Science publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper. We aim to be a truly global forum for high-quality research in veterinary medicine and science, and believe that the best research should be published and made widely accessible as quickly as possible. Veterinary Medicine and Science publishes papers submitted directly to the journal and those referred from a select group of prestigious journals published by Wiley-Blackwell. Veterinary Medicine and Science is a Wiley Open Access journal, one of a new series of peer-reviewed titles publishing quality research with speed and efficiency. For further information visit the Wiley Open Access website.