Anxiety status in outpatients of Type-2 diabetes mellitus.

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.12669/pjms.41.3.10487

Azmat Ali Khan, Shaista Kanwal, Jamal Ahmad Khan, Azizul Hasan Aamir

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Abstract

Objectives: This study intended to determine the frequency of anxiety in outpatients of Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to evaluate its associated characteristics.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was accomplished from July 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, at the Department of Endocrinology at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. The study comprised of individuals with T2DM who were at least 18 years of age and of either gender and who presented to the outpatient department for various reasons. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was utilized to assess the respondents' level of anxiety.

Results: A total of 306 patients with T2DM were enrolled, of whom, 116 (37.9%) were males and 190 (62.1%) were females. The mean age and HbA1c of the participants were 50.7 ± 11.2 years and 12.02 ± 2.03%. Majority (40.2%) of the participants had moderate anxiety while low anxiety and severe level of anxiety were reported by 30.4% and 29.4% participants, respectively. There was a statistically significant association of anxiety with gender, education, employment, family history, comorbidities, and HbA1c. Educated patients (OR=2.7, 95% CI 1.5 to 5.01 p=0.001), and those with comorbidities (OR= 2.3, 95% CI 0.91 to 5.98, p=0.01) had higher odds for occurrence of anxiety.

Conclusion: Almost 70% of the outpatients of T2DM had moderate to severe anxiety, with most of the clinicodemographic characteristics as potential associated factors. It is crucial for informing clinical practice, enhancing patient care, and promoting better mental health outcomes in this population.

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2 型糖尿病门诊患者的焦虑状况。

目的：本研究旨在确定2型糖尿病（T2DM）门诊患者焦虑的频率，并评估其相关特征。方法：本横断面观察性研究于2023年7月1日至2023年12月31日在白沙瓦Hayatabad综合医院内分泌科完成。该研究包括年龄在18岁以上的2型糖尿病患者，不论男女，均因各种原因到门诊就诊。采用贝克焦虑量表（BAI）评估被调查者的焦虑水平。结果：共纳入T2DM患者306例，其中男性116例（37.9%），女性190例（62.1%）。参与者的平均年龄和HbA1c分别为50.7±11.2岁和12.02±2.03%。大多数（40.2%）的被试表现为中度焦虑，30.4%的被试表现为轻度焦虑，29.4%的被试表现为重度焦虑。焦虑与性别、教育程度、就业、家族史、合并症和HbA1c有统计学意义的关联。受过教育的患者（OR=2.7, 95% CI 1.5 ~ 5.01 p=0.001）和有合并症的患者（OR= 2.3, 95% CI 0.91 ~ 5.98, p=0.01）出现焦虑的几率更高。结论：近70%的T2DM门诊患者存在中度至重度焦虑，大多数临床人口学特征是潜在的相关因素。这对于告知临床实践、加强患者护理和促进这一人群更好的心理健康结果至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

9.10%

发文量

363

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： It is a peer reviewed medical journal published regularly since 1984. It was previously known as quarterly "SPECIALIST" till December 31st 1999. It publishes original research articles, review articles, current practices, short communications & case reports. It attracts manuscripts not only from within Pakistan but also from over fifty countries from abroad. Copies of PJMS are sent to all the import medical libraries all over Pakistan and overseas particularly in South East Asia and Asia Pacific besides WHO EMRO Region countries. Eminent members of the medical profession at home and abroad regularly contribute their write-ups, manuscripts in our publications. We pursue an independent editorial policy, which allows an opportunity to the healthcare professionals to express their views without any fear or favour. That is why many opinion makers among the medical and pharmaceutical profession use this publication to communicate their viewpoint.