{"title":"Effectiveness of exercise interventions on sperm quality: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.","authors":"Weijia Song, Yu Peng, Zhuyu Jiang, Zheping Quan","doi":"10.3389/fendo.2025.1537271","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infertility affects about 10% to 15% of the world's population, thus making it a global concern. Although there are a large number of studies to develop treatment for infertility in men, there are no studies to illustrate the effect of exercise on male sperm treatment in a well rationalized and aggregated manner, therefore the aim of this study was to validate the comparative effectiveness of different exercise interventions for treating sperm quality in men by using a network Meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All randomized clinical trials (RCT) were obtained from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases, and network meta-analysis was used to assess the effectiveness of exercise interventions on sperm quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen studies with 1079 subjects were finally included in this study. Compared with the physical inactivity group, indoor aerobic, outdoor aerobic, and resistance training significantly reduced sperm density (P<0.05); indoor aerobic, outdoor aerobic, and resistance training significantly reduced the number of necrotic spermatozoa and the number of active spermatozoa (P>0.05).Outdoor aerobic[MD=1.84,95%CI:(1.56,2.14),P<0.05], multi-component motion [MD=1.37,95%CI:(0.85,1.89),P<0.05],competitive sports[MD=1.04,95%CI:(0.46,1.60),P<0.05],indoor aerobic [MD=0.32, 95%CI:(0.21,0.44), P<0.05], effectively enhanced sperm volume; other sports [MD=9.49,95%CI:(6.17,12.84),P<0.05], indoor aerobic[MD=4.43,95%CI:(3.12,5.74),P<0.05],resistance training [MD=3.93, 95%CI:(0.49,7.37), P<0.05], competitive sports [MD=5.44,95%CI:(0.10,10.79), P<0.05], and bicycle aerobics[MD=27.29,95%CI:(22.45,32.06),P<0.05], significantly enhanced sperm motility; other sports [MD=17.20,95%CI:(3.12,31.19), P<0.05], effectively enhanced total sperm count;resistance training[MD=10.90,95%CI:(8.44,13.36), P<0.05],other sports [MD=1.97,95%CI:(1.41,2.54),P<0.05], indoor aerobic [MD=2.43,95%CI:(1.13,3.73), P<0.05],and bicycle aerobic [MD=12.18, 95%CI:(10.19,14.18),P<0.05], significantly enhanced sperm morphology; bicycle aerobic (MD=18.87, 95%CI:11.70,25.86, P<0.05), and indoor aerobic (MD=9.53, 95%CI:8.97,10.09, P<0.05),effectively enhanced sperm concentration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, outdoor aerobics had a significant effect on improving sperm volume in infertile patients; other sports had a significant effect on enhancing sperm motility and total sperm count in infertile patients; resistance training had a significant effect on enhancing sperm morphology in infertile patients, and bicycle aerobic has a significant impact on improving sperm concentration in infertile patients.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#myprospero, identifier CRD42024534582.</p>","PeriodicalId":12447,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","volume":"16 ","pages":"1537271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913713/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2025.1537271","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Infertility affects about 10% to 15% of the world's population, thus making it a global concern. Although there are a large number of studies to develop treatment for infertility in men, there are no studies to illustrate the effect of exercise on male sperm treatment in a well rationalized and aggregated manner, therefore the aim of this study was to validate the comparative effectiveness of different exercise interventions for treating sperm quality in men by using a network Meta-analysis.
Methods: All randomized clinical trials (RCT) were obtained from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases, and network meta-analysis was used to assess the effectiveness of exercise interventions on sperm quality.
Results: Fourteen studies with 1079 subjects were finally included in this study. Compared with the physical inactivity group, indoor aerobic, outdoor aerobic, and resistance training significantly reduced sperm density (P<0.05); indoor aerobic, outdoor aerobic, and resistance training significantly reduced the number of necrotic spermatozoa and the number of active spermatozoa (P>0.05).Outdoor aerobic[MD=1.84,95%CI:(1.56,2.14),P<0.05], multi-component motion [MD=1.37,95%CI:(0.85,1.89),P<0.05],competitive sports[MD=1.04,95%CI:(0.46,1.60),P<0.05],indoor aerobic [MD=0.32, 95%CI:(0.21,0.44), P<0.05], effectively enhanced sperm volume; other sports [MD=9.49,95%CI:(6.17,12.84),P<0.05], indoor aerobic[MD=4.43,95%CI:(3.12,5.74),P<0.05],resistance training [MD=3.93, 95%CI:(0.49,7.37), P<0.05], competitive sports [MD=5.44,95%CI:(0.10,10.79), P<0.05], and bicycle aerobics[MD=27.29,95%CI:(22.45,32.06),P<0.05], significantly enhanced sperm motility; other sports [MD=17.20,95%CI:(3.12,31.19), P<0.05], effectively enhanced total sperm count;resistance training[MD=10.90,95%CI:(8.44,13.36), P<0.05],other sports [MD=1.97,95%CI:(1.41,2.54),P<0.05], indoor aerobic [MD=2.43,95%CI:(1.13,3.73), P<0.05],and bicycle aerobic [MD=12.18, 95%CI:(10.19,14.18),P<0.05], significantly enhanced sperm morphology; bicycle aerobic (MD=18.87, 95%CI:11.70,25.86, P<0.05), and indoor aerobic (MD=9.53, 95%CI:8.97,10.09, P<0.05),effectively enhanced sperm concentration.
Conclusion: In conclusion, outdoor aerobics had a significant effect on improving sperm volume in infertile patients; other sports had a significant effect on enhancing sperm motility and total sperm count in infertile patients; resistance training had a significant effect on enhancing sperm morphology in infertile patients, and bicycle aerobic has a significant impact on improving sperm concentration in infertile patients.
期刊介绍：
Frontiers in Endocrinology is a field journal of the "Frontiers in" journal series.
In today’s world, endocrinology is becoming increasingly important as it underlies many of the challenges societies face - from obesity and diabetes to reproduction, population control and aging. Endocrinology covers a broad field from basic molecular and cellular communication through to clinical care and some of the most crucial public health issues. The journal, thus, welcomes outstanding contributions in any domain of endocrinology.
Frontiers in Endocrinology publishes articles on the most outstanding discoveries across a wide research spectrum of Endocrinology. The mission of Frontiers in Endocrinology is to bring all relevant Endocrinology areas together on a single platform.
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