Increased prevalence of myopia in Swedish conscripts between 1975 and 1995 - associations with education and verbal ability.

IF 3 3区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY
Tomas Bro
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study is to examine the trends in the prevalence of myopia in Swedish young men over a 30-year period and identify potential risk factors for myopia development.

Method: This retrospective, cross-sectional study analysed testing results from three cohorts of Swedish military conscripts: 1975, 1985 and 1995. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent (SE) of ≤ -0.5 D and high myopia as SE ≤ -5 D. Myopia prevalence was analysed in combination with physical measures (height, weight and BMI), social measures (theoretical upper secondary school) and cognitive measures (4 different abilities). The results from the cognitive tests used a STANdard NINE scale (stanine or S9), a method of scaling test scores on a nine-point standard scale, with a mean of five and a standard deviation of two.

Results: The study included a total of 13 075 males aged 17 to 19 years. Adequate data on physical measures and vision were available for 95%-98% of participants. The proportion of individuals with myopia increased significantly from 22% to 29% between 1975 and 1995 (p < 0.001). High myopia increased from 1.9% to 3.3% (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression indicated associations between myopia and year of testing (OR = 1.15), presence of theoretical upper secondary school (OR 1.71, compared to the absence of theoretical upper secondary school), verbal ability (OR 1.08 per stanine) and visuospatial perception (OR 1.05 per stanine).

Conclusion: Over the 30-year period from 1975 to 1995, the prevalence of myopia among Swedish conscripts increased from 22% to 29%. A higher level of education and higher verbal and visuospatial ability were risk factors for myopia.

1975年至1995年间瑞典应征入伍者近视发生率增加——与教育和语言能力有关。
背景:本研究的目的是研究近30年来瑞典年轻男性近视患病率的趋势,并确定近视发展的潜在危险因素。方法:本回顾性、横断面研究分析了1975年、1985年和1995年三组瑞典应征入伍者的测试结果。近视定义为球形当量(SE)≤-0.5 D,高度近视定义为SE≤-5 D。结合身体测量(身高、体重、BMI)、社会测量(理论高中)和认知测量(4种不同能力)分析近视患病率。认知测试的结果使用了标准九分量表(stanine或S9),这是一种以9分标准量表衡量测试分数的方法,平均值为5分,标准差为2分。结果:该研究共纳入13 075名17至19岁的男性。95%-98%的参与者有足够的体格测量和视力数据。结论:在1975 - 1995年的30年间,瑞典应征入伍者的近视患病率从22%上升到29%。较高的教育水平、较高的语言和视觉空间能力是近视的危险因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Acta Ophthalmologica
Acta Ophthalmologica 医学-眼科学
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
5.90%
发文量
433
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Acta Ophthalmologica is published on behalf of the Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation and is the official scientific publication of the following societies: The Danish Ophthalmological Society, The Finnish Ophthalmological Society, The Icelandic Ophthalmological Society, The Norwegian Ophthalmological Society and The Swedish Ophthalmological Society, and also the European Association for Vision and Eye Research (EVER). Acta Ophthalmologica publishes clinical and experimental original articles, reviews, editorials, educational photo essays (Diagnosis and Therapy in Ophthalmology), case reports and case series, letters to the editor and doctoral theses.
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