{"title":"Analysis of Transmission-Line-Based Quasi-All-Pass Network for Phase-Shifter Design","authors":"Shih-Shen Fan;Tsu-Te Huang;Jia-Shiang Fu","doi":"10.1109/JMW.2025.3540560","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"All-passnetworks (APNs) have long been used in the design of phase shifters. A transmission-line-based quasi-all-pass network (TL-based QAPN) is a series-<inline-formula><tex-math>$C$</tex-math></inline-formula>-configured second-order common-mode APN with its two inductors respectively replaced by two transmission lines. In this work, the TL-based QAPN is, for the first time, analyzed in the context of phase-shifter design. Through the analysis, the conditions for the TL-based QAPN to exhibit zero reflection and the design equations are derived. Two generic switched-network phase-shifter topologies incorporating the TL-based QAPNs are investigated. For experimental verification, a Ka/Q-band 5-bit phase shifter is designed and realized in a 90-nm CMOS technology. The design procedure for using the TL-based QAPN as a phase-shifting bit is described. The measured RMS phase and amplitude errors of the 5-bit phase shifter are less than 4<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{\\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula> and 0.3 dB, respectively, from 29.0 to 45.1 GHz, which translates into a bandwidth of 43.5%. The performance is among the best results in the literature, demonstrating the usefulness of the proposed TL-based QAPN in phase-shifter design.","PeriodicalId":93296,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of microwaves","volume":"5 2","pages":"462-475"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10910119","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE journal of microwaves","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10910119/","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
All-passnetworks (APNs) have long been used in the design of phase shifters. A transmission-line-based quasi-all-pass network (TL-based QAPN) is a series-$C$-configured second-order common-mode APN with its two inductors respectively replaced by two transmission lines. In this work, the TL-based QAPN is, for the first time, analyzed in the context of phase-shifter design. Through the analysis, the conditions for the TL-based QAPN to exhibit zero reflection and the design equations are derived. Two generic switched-network phase-shifter topologies incorporating the TL-based QAPNs are investigated. For experimental verification, a Ka/Q-band 5-bit phase shifter is designed and realized in a 90-nm CMOS technology. The design procedure for using the TL-based QAPN as a phase-shifting bit is described. The measured RMS phase and amplitude errors of the 5-bit phase shifter are less than 4$^{\circ }$ and 0.3 dB, respectively, from 29.0 to 45.1 GHz, which translates into a bandwidth of 43.5%. The performance is among the best results in the literature, demonstrating the usefulness of the proposed TL-based QAPN in phase-shifter design.