Macrofaunal contributions to benthic nutrient fluxes revealed by radium disequilibrium

IF 3.8 1区 地球科学 Q1 LIMNOLOGY
Isabelle J. Cooper, Jasmin A. Godbold, Amber L. Annett
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Abstract

The benthic flux of nutrients underpins marine food webs, influences conditions for life in the oceans, and contributes to climatic feedback. Estimates of these fluxes' contributions to macro‐ and micronutrient cycles are, however, highly variable, generating significant uncertainty in biogeochemical models. Traditional benthic flux methodologies have potentially significant limitations, and in geochemically framed studies, there is a notable omission of contributions from macrofaunal activity. 224Ra/228Th disequilibrium is a cutting‐edge geochemical technique for quantifying benthic flux; however, its capacity to incorporate the influence of benthic fauna has not been assessed. Here we present first results using 224Ra/228Th disequilibrium to examine the influence of four macrobenthic infaunal invertebrate species on the flux of macronutrients (, , , ) between the sediment and water column. Overall, estimates from 224Ra/228Th disequilibrium were up to 15 times greater than those derived from commonly used methods, and both 224Ra and nutrient fluxes differed in the presence of different macrofauna. The greatest efflux (, ) and influx (, ) occurred in the presence of the burrowing actinarian Edwardsia claparedii, and 224Ra flux patterns suggested different mechanisms of influence between species. Notable variability in flux enhancement was also present between individuals of the same species, highlighting the complex relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We conclude that 224Ra/228Th disequilibrium is a powerful tool for interdisciplinary biogeochemical and ecological studies, and if applied widely enough may more holistically represent benthic flux dynamics in the natural environment than standard approaches.
镭不平衡揭示的大型动物对底栖动物营养通量的贡献
底栖生物营养物质的流动支撑着海洋食物网,影响着海洋生物的生存条件,并有助于气候反馈。然而,对这些通量对宏观和微量养分循环的贡献的估计是高度可变的,在生物地球化学模型中产生了很大的不确定性。传统的底栖生物通量方法具有潜在的重大局限性,在地球化学框架研究中,大型动物活动的贡献明显被遗漏。ra /228 - th不平衡是定量底栖生物通量的一种前沿地球化学技术;然而,尚未评估其纳入底栖动物影响的能力。在这里,我们首次使用224Ra/228Th不平衡来研究四种大型底栖动物无脊椎动物物种对沉积物和水柱之间大量营养物质(,,,)通量的影响。总体而言,从224Ra/228Th不平衡中得出的估计值比常用方法得出的估计值高出15倍,而且在存在不同大型动物时,224Ra和养分通量都有所不同。最大的外排(,)和内排(,)发生在穴居虫Edwardsia claparedii存在的情况下,224Ra的通量模式表明不同物种之间的影响机制不同。同一物种个体间通量增强也存在显著差异,凸显了生物多样性与生态系统功能之间的复杂关系。我们得出结论,224Ra/228Th不平衡是跨学科生物地球化学和生态学研究的有力工具,如果应用足够广泛,可能比标准方法更全面地代表自然环境中的底栖生物通量动力学。
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来源期刊
Limnology and Oceanography
Limnology and Oceanography 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
6.70%
发文量
254
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Limnology and Oceanography (L&O; print ISSN 0024-3590, online ISSN 1939-5590) publishes original articles, including scholarly reviews, about all aspects of limnology and oceanography. The journal''s unifying theme is the understanding of aquatic systems. Submissions are judged on the originality of their data, interpretations, and ideas, and on the degree to which they can be generalized beyond the particular aquatic system examined. Laboratory and modeling studies must demonstrate relevance to field environments; typically this means that they are bolstered by substantial "real-world" data. Few purely theoretical or purely empirical papers are accepted for review.
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