Phytochemical Study, Cytotoxicity, and Genotoxicity of the Methanolic Extract of Geranium diffusum Kunth.

IF 4 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plants-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI:10.3390/plants14050777

Juan Carlos Romero-Benavides, Tatiana Añazco-Loayza, Anabel Correa-Sinche, Andrea Alvarez-Ruiz, Luis Miguel Guamán-Ortiz, Rodrigo Duarte-Casar, Natalia Bailon-Moscoso

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Geranium diffusum Kunth is a medicinal plant native to Ecuadorian highlands with limited scientific study despite its ethnopharmacological relevance. The present study investigates the phytochemical properties and cytotoxic effects of the methanolic extract of G. diffusum. Comprehensive analyses revealed a rich composition of bioactive compounds, predominantly flavonoids and rutin, isoquercetin, and isorhamnetin-3-glucoside, known for their therapeutic potential, were isolated. The extract and its solvent fractions were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against three cell lines: RKO, SW613-B3, and HCT-116. Notably, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited cytotoxicity with an IC₅₀ value of 44.47 ± 1.02 μg/mL against the SW613-B3 cell line, indicating its significant anticancer activity. The dichloromethane fraction also demonstrated noteworthy effects on the RKO and HCT-116 lines, while the methanolic fraction exhibited higher viability in HCT-116 cells. No genotoxicity was found in CHO-K1 cells. These findings underscore the potential of Geranium diffusum as a valuable source of bioactive compounds for developing therapeutic agents against cancer and highlight the need for further research into its pharmacokinetics, in vivo efficacy, and the synergistic effects of its flavonoid constituents. This study contributes to enhancing our understanding of underexplored medicinal plants and supports conservation efforts for Ecuadorian biodiversity.

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弥漫天竺葵（Geranium diffusum Kunth）是一种原产于厄瓜多尔高原的药用植物，尽管具有民族药理学意义，但科学研究却十分有限。本研究调查了天竺葵甲醇提取物的植物化学特性和细胞毒性作用。综合分析表明，该提取物含有丰富的生物活性化合物，主要是黄酮类化合物，并分离出了芦丁、异槲皮素和异鼠李素-3-葡萄糖苷，这些化合物以其治疗潜力而闻名。评估了提取物及其溶剂馏分对三种细胞系的细胞毒活性：RKO、SW613-B3 和 HCT-116。值得注意的是，乙酸乙酯馏分对 SW613-B3 细胞株具有细胞毒性，IC50 值为 44.47 ± 1.02 μg/mL，表明其具有显著的抗癌活性。二氯甲烷馏分对 RKO 和 HCT-116 细胞株也有显著效果，而甲醇馏分在 HCT-116 细胞中的存活率更高。在 CHO-K1 细胞中未发现基因毒性。这些发现凸显了天竺葵作为一种宝贵的生物活性化合物来源在开发抗癌治疗药物方面的潜力，并强调了进一步研究其药代动力学、体内疗效及其黄酮类成分协同作用的必要性。这项研究有助于加深我们对未充分开发的药用植物的了解，并支持厄瓜多尔生物多样性的保护工作。

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来源期刊

Plants-Basel Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

11.10%

发文量

2923

审稿时长

15.4 days

期刊介绍： Plants (ISSN 2223-7747), is an international and multidisciplinary scientific open access journal that covers all key areas of plant science. It publishes review articles, regular research articles, communications, and short notes in the fields of structural, functional and experimental botany. In addition to fundamental disciplines such as morphology, systematics, physiology and ecology of plants, the journal welcomes all types of articles in the field of applied plant science.