Efficacy of opioid antagonist in patients with binge eating behavior: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

IF 7.5 1区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106108

Yi-Ya Fang, Yi-Chun Yeh, Tai-Ling Liu, Hsu Tien-Wei, Chih-Hung Ko

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Binge eating (BE) involves consuming unusually large amounts of food within a short period and feeling a loss of control. Neurobiological mechanisms underlying BE involve dysregulation of reward and inhibitory control systems, with the endogenous opioid system playing a key role. Opioid antagonists and the combination therapies with bupropion may have potential to reduce BE by affecting the reward system, but evidence regarding their effectiveness remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring the effects of opioid antagonists on BE frequency, BE severity, body weight, and mood.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify RCTs published before May 14, 2023,. The primary outcomes were BE severity and frequency. The secondary outcomes were percentage change in body weight and depressive symptoms.

Results: Eight RCTs were included in our analysis. Opioid antagonists significantly reduced BE frequency (standard difference in means [SMD] = -0.624, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.181 to -0.067, p = 0.028) and changes in body weight percentage (SMD = -0.981, 95% CI = -1.657 to -0.305, p = 0.004), with a moderate-to-large effect size. Conversely, opioid antagonists didn't significantly improve BE severity (Hedges' g = -0.210, 95% CI = -0.431 to 0.011, p = 0.063) or depressive symptoms (Hedges' g = -0.190, 95% CI = -0.434 to 0.053, p = 0.125). Meta-regression analysis revealed that the dosage of naltrexone served as a moderator in reducing BE frequency and body weight percentage.

Conclusion: The present meta-analysis indicated that opioid antagonists effectively alleviate BE frequency and reduce percentage loss in body weight.

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来源期刊

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 医学-行为科学

CiteScore

14.20

自引率

3.70%

发文量

466

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The official journal of the International Behavioral Neuroscience Society publishes original and significant review articles that explore the intersection between neuroscience and the study of psychological processes and behavior. The journal also welcomes articles that primarily focus on psychological processes and behavior, as long as they have relevance to one or more areas of neuroscience.