"What other option did I have?"- The effect of conflict and displacement on child marriage and early childbearing among displaced Rohingya adolescents.

IF 3.1 2区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Kate Mieth, Tahia Hasan, Adrija Chakrabarty, Kenna Lee, Adrita Kaiser, Tanvir Hasan, Shatha Elnakib, Caitlin Jackson, W Courtland Robinson, Linnea A Zimmerman
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Humanitarian emergencies are postulated to increase rates of early marriage and early childbearing, as drivers of both are heightened or exacerbated in crisis settings. There is a critical need for research that explores the causal mechanisms that motivate family formation, i.e. the process from marriage into childbearing, and how this process is affected by conflict and displacement.

Objective: This paper aims to describe how displacement and living within a camp context has affected norms and drivers around family formation, focusing on the lived experience of female and male adolescents and young adults.

Methods: We coded and analyzed qualitative data from forty-nine in-depth interviews and sixteen focus group discussions conducted with Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals aged 15-24 who arrived in Cox's Bazar during or after October 2016.

Results: Participants largely agreed that rates of child marriage have increased post-conflict and displacement. They attributed this increase to a variety of drivers, including fears around protection, socioeconomic need, lack of education and employment opportunities, and a perceived loosening of restrictions around legal age of marriage within camp. While some of these were pre-existing drivers exacerbated by conflict and displacement, others were new drivers that developed as a result. The ways that adolescents and young adults experienced each driver were highly gendered. Conversely, conflict and displacement had seemingly little effect on cultural expectations to demonstrate fecundity immediately after marriage. Finally, participants felt that adverse living conditions within camp have significantly lowered fertility intentions and have increased cultural acceptance and adoption of family planning.

Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that many Rohingya families view child marriage as a practical tool to overcome challenges associated with being displaced, and early childbearing as an inevitable natural consequence of child marriage. The Government of Bangladesh must ease restrictions on income-generating opportunities as well as continue working with humanitarian organizations to provide and fund education and skills-building opportunities for both adolescent girls and boys, who otherwise have no alternatives to child marriage and few other opportunities to productively contribute to their communities.

“我还有别的选择吗?”-冲突和流离失所对流离失所的罗兴亚青少年童婚和早育的影响。
背景:人道主义紧急情况被认为会增加早婚和早育的比率,因为这两者的驱动因素在危机环境中会加剧或加剧。迫切需要进行研究,探索促进家庭形成的因果机制,即从结婚到生育的过程,以及这一过程如何受到冲突和流离失所的影响。目的:本文旨在描述流离失所和生活在营地环境中如何影响家庭形成的规范和驱动因素,重点关注女性和男性青少年和年轻人的生活经验。方法:我们对49次深度访谈和16次焦点小组讨论的定性数据进行编码和分析,这些访谈对象是在2016年10月期间或之后抵达考克斯巴扎尔的年龄在15-24岁的被迫流离失所的缅甸国民。结果:与会者基本上同意,冲突和流离失所后的童婚率有所上升。他们将这一增长归因于各种因素,包括对保护的担忧、社会经济需求、缺乏教育和就业机会,以及营地内法定结婚年龄限制的放松。虽然其中一些是冲突和流离失所加剧的原有驱动因素,但其他驱动因素是由此产生的新驱动因素。青少年和年轻人体验每个司机的方式是高度性别化的。相反,冲突和流离失所似乎对婚后立即表现出生育能力的文化期望影响不大。最后,与会者认为营地内恶劣的生活条件大大降低了生育意愿,并增加了文化上对计划生育的接受和采用。结论:我们的研究结果表明,许多罗兴亚家庭将童婚视为克服流离失所相关挑战的实用工具,并将早育视为童婚不可避免的自然后果。孟加拉国政府必须放宽对创收机会的限制,并继续与人道主义组织合作,为青少年男女提供和资助教育和技能培养机会,否则他们除了童婚别无选择,也几乎没有其他机会为其社区作出富有成效的贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Conflict and Health
Conflict and Health Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
5.60%
发文量
57
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: Conflict and Health is a highly-accessed, open access journal providing a global platform to disseminate insightful and impactful studies documenting the public health impacts and responses related to armed conflict, humanitarian crises, and forced migration.
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