The Lasting Impact of IL-2: Approaching 50 Years of Advancing Immune Tolerance, Cancer Immunotherapies, and Autoimmune Diseases.

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Immunological Investigations Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI:10.1080/08820139.2025.2479609

Prajita Paul, Cherry Choong, Joseph Heinemann, Rafid Al-Hallaf, Zainab Agha, Shaan Ganatra, Lina Abdulrahman, Agastya Sinha, Harrsha Kumar, Bardia Nourbakhsh, Abdel Rahim A Hamad

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The discovery of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and its receptor (IL-2R) almost 50 years ago revolutionized immunology, marking a pivotal moment in understanding T cell biology and immune regulation. Initially identified as a T cell growth factor, IL-2 unveiled critical insights into cytokine-mediated immune cell proliferation and differentiation.

Methods: This review highlighted the characterization of IL-2R as a multi-chain receptor complex set a precedent for decoding cytokine receptor signaling. The unique interplay between IL-2 and its high-affinity receptor component, IL-2Rα, epitomizes the principle of specificity and efficiency in cytokine signaling, enabling precise immune modulation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) exploit IL-2Rα high affinity to outcompete effector T cells for IL-2, ensuring immune tolerance and preventing autoimmunity.

Results: Despite its foundational role in immune homeostasis, leveraging IL-2 for therapeutic purposes has proven challenging.

Conclusion: IL-2-based therapies hold transformative potential in autoimmunity, cancer immunology, and transplantation, yet they remain elusive due to the complex balance between immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive effects. This review explores the milestones in IL-2 biology, its dualistic functions, and the ongoing quest to harness its therapeutic promise.

查看原文本刊更多论文

IL-2 的持久影响：推动免疫耐受、癌症免疫疗法和自身免疫疾病发展的 50 年历程。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Immunological Investigations 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Disseminating immunological developments on a worldwide basis, Immunological Investigations encompasses all facets of fundamental and applied immunology, including immunohematology and the study of allergies. This journal provides information presented in the form of original research articles and book reviews, giving a truly in-depth examination of the latest advances in molecular and cellular immunology.