Nrf3-Mediated Mitochondrial Superoxide Promotes Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis and Impairs Cardiac Functions by Suppressing Pitx2.

IF 35.5 1区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
Circulation Pub Date : 2025-04-08 Epub Date: 2025-03-18 DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.070286
Qishan Chen, Ancheng Zheng, Xiaolei Xu, Zhenning Shi, Mei Yang, Shasha Sun, Leyu Wang, Yumeng Wang, Haige Zhao, Qingzhong Xiao, Li Zhang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) elicits mitochondria reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cardiomyocyte (CM) apoptosis. Nrf3 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 3) has an established role in regulating redox signaling and tissue homeostasis. Here, we aimed to evaluate the role and mechanism of Nrf3 in injury-induced pathological cardiac remodeling.

Methods: Global (Nrf3-KO) and CM-specific (Nrf3△CM) Nrf3 knockout mice were subjected to MI or ischemia/reperfusion injury, followed by functional and histopathological analysis. Primary neonatal mouse and rat ventricular myocytes and CMs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells were used to evaluate the impact of Nrf3 on CM apoptosis and mitochondrial ROS production. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry analysis were used to uncover potential targets of Nrf3. MitoParaquat administration and CM-specific adeno-associated virus vectors were used to further confirm the in vivo relevance of the identified signal pathways.

Results: Nrf3 was expressed mainly in CMs in healthy human hearts, and an increased level of Nrf3 was observed in CMs within the border zone of infarcted human hearts and murine cardiac tissues after MI. Both global and CM-specific Nrf3 knockout significantly decreased injury-induced mitochondrial ROS production, CM apoptosis, and pathological cardiac remodeling, consequently improving cardiac functions. In addition, cardiac-specific Nrf3 overexpression reversed the ameliorative cardiac phenotypes observed in Nrf3-KO mice. Functional studies showed that Nrf3 promoted neonatal mouse ventricular myocyte, neonatal rat ventricular myocyte, and CMs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell apoptosis by increasing mitochondrial ROS production. Critically, augmenting mitochondrial ROS with MitoParaquat blunted the beneficial effects of Nrf3 deletion on cardiac function and remodeling. Mechanistically, a redox regulator Pitx2 (paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2) was identified as one of the main target genes of Nrf3. Specifically, Nrf3 binds to Pitx2 promoter, where it increases DNA methylation through recruiting heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K and DNA-methyltransferase 1 complex, thereby inhibiting Pitx2 expression. CM-specific knockdown of Pitx2 blunted the beneficial effects of Nrf3 deletion on cardiac function and remodeling, and cardiac-specific Pitx2 overexpression attenuated MI-induced mitochondrial ROS production and CM apoptosis, as well as preserved cardiac functions after MI.

Conclusions: Nrf3 promotes injury-induced CM apoptosis and deteriorates cardiac functions by increasing mitochondrial ROS production through suppressing Pitx2 expression. Targeting the Nrf3-Pitx2-mitochondrial ROS signal axis may therefore represent a novel therapeutic approach for MI treatment.

nrf3介导的线粒体超氧化物通过抑制Pitx2促进心肌细胞凋亡和心功能损害。
背景:心肌梗死(MI)引起线粒体活性氧(ROS)的产生和心肌细胞(CM)的凋亡。Nrf3(核因子-红细胞2相关因子3)在调节氧化还原信号和组织稳态中具有明确的作用。本研究旨在探讨Nrf3在损伤诱导的病理性心脏重构中的作用及机制。方法:采用全基因(Nrf3- ko)和CM特异性(Nrf3△CM) Nrf3敲除小鼠进行心肌梗死或缺血再灌注损伤,并进行功能和组织病理学分析。利用新生小鼠和大鼠心室肌细胞和人诱导多能干细胞衍生的CMs来评估Nrf3对CM凋亡和线粒体ROS产生的影响。利用染色质免疫沉淀测序和免疫沉淀-质谱分析发现Nrf3的潜在靶点。使用MitoParaquat给药和cm特异性腺相关病毒载体进一步确认所识别的信号通路的体内相关性。结果:Nrf3主要在健康人类心脏的CMs中表达,心肌梗死后人类心脏和小鼠心脏组织边界区域的CMs中Nrf3水平升高。无论是全局敲除还是CM特异性敲除Nrf3,均可显著减少损伤诱导的线粒体ROS产生、CM凋亡和病理性心脏重塑,从而改善心功能。此外,心脏特异性Nrf3过表达逆转了在Nrf3- ko小鼠中观察到的改善的心脏表型。功能研究表明,Nrf3通过增加线粒体ROS的产生,促进新生小鼠心室肌细胞、新生大鼠心室肌细胞和来自人诱导多能干细胞的CMs细胞凋亡。关键的是,MitoParaquat增加线粒体ROS削弱了Nrf3缺失对心功能和重构的有益作用。机制上,氧化还原调控因子Pitx2(配对样同源结构域转录因子2)被确定为Nrf3的主要靶基因之一。具体来说,Nrf3结合Pitx2启动子,通过募集异质核核糖核蛋白K和DNA甲基转移酶1复合物,增加DNA甲基化,从而抑制Pitx2的表达。心肌特异性敲低Pitx2减弱了Nrf3缺失对心功能和重构的有益作用,心肌特异性Pitx2过表达减弱了心肌缺血诱导的线粒体ROS的产生和心肌细胞凋亡,以及心肌缺血后心肌功能的保存。结论:Nrf3通过抑制Pitx2表达增加线粒体ROS的产生,促进损伤性心肌细胞凋亡,恶化心功能。因此,靶向nrf3 - pitx2 -线粒体ROS信号轴可能代表一种新的心肌梗死治疗方法。
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来源期刊
Circulation
Circulation 医学-外周血管病
CiteScore
45.70
自引率
2.10%
发文量
1473
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Circulation is a platform that publishes a diverse range of content related to cardiovascular health and disease. This includes original research manuscripts, review articles, and other contributions spanning observational studies, clinical trials, epidemiology, health services, outcomes studies, and advancements in basic and translational research. The journal serves as a vital resource for professionals and researchers in the field of cardiovascular health, providing a comprehensive platform for disseminating knowledge and fostering advancements in the understanding and management of cardiovascular issues.
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