{"title":"Identification, distribution, and mechanisms of large landslides in the upper reaches of Jinsha River","authors":"Weihua Zhao, Fengjiao Wang, Qiang Xu, Jianjun Zhao, Fuling Zhang, Weile Li, Xiujun Dong, Jian Yang, Decun Guo, Wantong He","doi":"10.1007/s10064-025-04211-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The upper reaches of Jinsha River are rich in water resources, so it is planned to develop cascade hydropower stations here. Affected by the subduction between plates and the continuous uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, adverse geological phenomena are developed here, especially landslides. Previous studies have mainly focused on single landslides, small-scale areas, lacking of systematic investigations of landslides in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River. Therefore, we used optical remote sensing, InSAR technology, airborne lidar, UAV photography and field geological survey to sort out the large-scale landslide data, and focused on the typical landslides in the basin. There are 252 active landslides and 171 large landslides in the study area, which are characterized by cluster distribution under the influence of Jinsha River suture zone. Landslide has the characteristics of large scale and cluster distribution. The mechanism of typical landslide cases is analyzed in detail. Taking Woda landslide, Baige landslide and Mengu landslide as examples, the main types of landslides in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River are revealed, including the ancient landslide resurrection affected by rainfall and water level change, the deformation of residual rock landslide after sliding, and the local damage of the toppling deformation slope. Considering that ancient landslide is the most typical hidden danger of landslide in the region, the paper further discusses the relationship between the dating time of ancient landslide and the evolution of historical structure and climate, and supposes that the upper reaches of Jinsha River should have experienced strong tectonic activities in the history. The possible influence of hydropower development on landslide disaster in the upper reaches of Jinsha River basin and the regulation effect of cascade power station construction on disaster are further discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":500,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","volume":"84 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10064-025-04211-4","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The upper reaches of Jinsha River are rich in water resources, so it is planned to develop cascade hydropower stations here. Affected by the subduction between plates and the continuous uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, adverse geological phenomena are developed here, especially landslides. Previous studies have mainly focused on single landslides, small-scale areas, lacking of systematic investigations of landslides in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River. Therefore, we used optical remote sensing, InSAR technology, airborne lidar, UAV photography and field geological survey to sort out the large-scale landslide data, and focused on the typical landslides in the basin. There are 252 active landslides and 171 large landslides in the study area, which are characterized by cluster distribution under the influence of Jinsha River suture zone. Landslide has the characteristics of large scale and cluster distribution. The mechanism of typical landslide cases is analyzed in detail. Taking Woda landslide, Baige landslide and Mengu landslide as examples, the main types of landslides in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River are revealed, including the ancient landslide resurrection affected by rainfall and water level change, the deformation of residual rock landslide after sliding, and the local damage of the toppling deformation slope. Considering that ancient landslide is the most typical hidden danger of landslide in the region, the paper further discusses the relationship between the dating time of ancient landslide and the evolution of historical structure and climate, and supposes that the upper reaches of Jinsha River should have experienced strong tectonic activities in the history. The possible influence of hydropower development on landslide disaster in the upper reaches of Jinsha River basin and the regulation effect of cascade power station construction on disaster are further discussed.
期刊介绍：
Engineering geology is defined in the statutes of the IAEG as the science devoted to the investigation, study and solution of engineering and environmental problems which may arise as the result of the interaction between geology and the works or activities of man, as well as of the prediction of and development of measures for the prevention or remediation of geological hazards. Engineering geology embraces:
• the applications/implications of the geomorphology, structural geology, and hydrogeological conditions of geological formations;
• the characterisation of the mineralogical, physico-geomechanical, chemical and hydraulic properties of all earth materials involved in construction, resource recovery and environmental change;
• the assessment of the mechanical and hydrological behaviour of soil and rock masses;
• the prediction of changes to the above properties with time;
• the determination of the parameters to be considered in the stability analysis of engineering works and earth masses.
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