Epidemiology and clinical burden of invasive pneumococcal disease in older adults in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126992

Daniel Jarovsky , Rosangela Ferraz Cereda , Licieri Marotta Figueiredo , Eitan Naaman Berezin , Thiago Junqueira Avelino da Silva , Maisa Carla Kairalla , Milene Fernandes , Bruna Pascarelli Pedrico do Nascimento , Cicera Pimenta Marcelino , Paula de Mendonça Batista , Marina Della Negra de Paula , Thais das Neves Fraga Moreira

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

The Brazilian National Immunization Program does not offer universal pneumococcal vaccination for older adults. We evaluated the incidence, demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of older adults with IPD in São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods

A retrospective chart review of 94 adults aged 60+ hospitalized with IPD from 2016 to 2018 was conducted. Descriptive statistics summarized demographic and clinical data. Incidence was calculated by dividing the number of IPD patients in São Paulo by the population of individuals aged 60+ using the study hospitals.

Results

Most patients had at least one risk factor, with cancer being the most common. Ninety percent had unknown vaccination status. The incidence rate per 100,000 people declined over the study period. Community-onset disease and bacteremic pneumonia were prevalent, while meningitis occurred in a smaller percentage. Hospitalization lasted a median of ten days, with 53 % of patients requiring ICU admission. Complications, supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, and septic shock were observed during hospitalization. The case fatality rate for IPD was 43 %.

Conclusion

The study highlights the significant burden of IPD in older adults in São Paulo and emphasizes the importance of extending pneumococcal vaccination to this population in Brazil to address the associated morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden.

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

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