Filament stitching: An architected printing strategy to mitigate anisotropy in 3D-Printed engineered cementitious composites (ECC)

IF 10.8 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Cement & concrete composites Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2025.106044

Wen Zhou, Yading Xu, Zhaozheng Meng, Jinbao Xie, Yubao Zhou, Erik Schlangen, Branko Šavija

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Anisotropy in 3D-printed concrete structures has persistently raised concerns regarding structural integrity and safety. In this study, an architected 3D printing strategy, “stitching”, was proposed to mitigate anisotropy in 3D-printed Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC). This approach integrates the direction-dependent tensile resistance of extruded ECC, the mechanical interlocking between three-dimensional layers, and a deliberately engineered interwoven interface system. As a result, the out-of-plane direction of the printed structure can be self-reinforced without external reinforcements. Four-point bending tests demonstrated that the “stitching” pattern induced multi-cracking and flexural-hardening behavior in the out-of-plane direction, boosting its energy dissipation to 343 % of the reference “parallel” printing and achieving 48.6 % of cast ECC. Additionally, micro-CT scanning and acoustic emission tests further validated the controlled crack propagation enabled by the engineered interface architecture. The proposed strategy has been proven to substantially alleviate anisotropy and enhance structural integrity.

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细丝拼接：一种缓解3d打印工程胶凝复合材料（ECC）各向异性的结构化打印策略

3d打印混凝土结构的各向异性一直引起人们对结构完整性和安全性的关注。在这项研究中，提出了一种结构化的3D打印策略“拼接”，以减轻3D打印工程胶凝复合材料（ECC）的各向异性。这种方法集成了挤压ECC的方向相关抗拉性，三维层之间的机械联锁以及精心设计的交织界面系统。因此，印刷结构的面外方向可以在没有外部增强的情况下自增强。四点弯曲试验表明，“拼接”模式诱导了面外方向的多重裂纹和弯曲硬化行为，使其能量耗散提高到参考“平行”打印的343%，达到铸造ECC的48.6%。此外，微ct扫描和声发射测试进一步验证了工程界面结构能够控制裂纹扩展。所提出的策略已被证明大大减轻了各向异性，提高了结构的完整性。

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来源期刊

Cement & concrete composites 工程技术-材料科学：复合

CiteScore

18.70

自引率

11.40%

发文量

459

审稿时长

65 days

期刊介绍： Cement & concrete composites focuses on advancements in cement-concrete composite technology and the production, use, and performance of cement-based construction materials. It covers a wide range of materials, including fiber-reinforced composites, polymer composites, ferrocement, and those incorporating special aggregates or waste materials. Major themes include microstructure, material properties, testing, durability, mechanics, modeling, design, fabrication, and practical applications. The journal welcomes papers on structural behavior, field studies, repair and maintenance, serviceability, and sustainability. It aims to enhance understanding, provide a platform for unconventional materials, promote low-cost energy-saving materials, and bridge the gap between materials science, engineering, and construction. Special issues on emerging topics are also published to encourage collaboration between materials scientists, engineers, designers, and fabricators.