Are gaseous nitrogen losses affected by the fertilizer type and rate in maize?

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2025.106519

Sergio Tovar Hernández , Fernando Salvagiotti , Nuria Lewczuk , Walter Carciochi , Keren Hernandez Guijarro , Micaela Biassoni , Esteban Kehoe , Oscar Avila , Gisela Garcia , Mirta Toribio , Fernando García , Hernan Sainz Rozas , Nahuel Reussi Calvo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) management practices have the potential to reduce nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions and ammonia (NH₃) volatilization while enhancing maize (Zea mays L.) productivity. However, the specific effect of N rate and source remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate, during the maize growing season, the effect of both N rate and source on i) gaseous losses through NH₃ volatilization and N₂O emissions and ii) agronomic traits such as grain yield and N uptake (N_upt). Four experiments were conducted in the humid temperate region of Argentina between 2020 and 2022. Treatments consisted of four N rates, between 0 and 200 kg N ha⁻¹ combined with four N sources [urea, urea with urease inhibitor (U_UI), urea with nitrification inhibitor (U_NI), and calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)]. We observed a significant response to N fertilization on grain yield with increases from 20 % to 64 %. However, no differences between N sources were determined. CAN presented the greatest N_upt, which was up to 27 % higher than urea-based N sources. NH₃ volatilization was the major N loss process with urea exhibiting the highest values. U_UI and CAN significantly reduced NH₃ volatilization in comparison to urea. CAN showed the highest N₂O emissions, losing up to 1.5 % of the applied N. U_NI significantly reduced N₂O emissions by 50 %. Emission factors for both NH₃ and N₂O were consistently lower than the default values suggested by the IPCC guidelines. In conclusion, N sources such as U_UI and U_NI lead to achieve high grain yields with a low environmental impact.

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来源期刊

Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.