Coordination-driven safer and sustainable energetic materials†

Abstract

The convergence of performance optimization and environmental stewardship has positioned coordination-driven approaches at the forefront of energetic material innovation. Now, using 3,6-bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine and N,N′-(1,2,4,5-tetrazine-3,6-diyl)dinitramide as precursors (P1 and P4), we have synthesized various coordination-driven polymeric energetic frameworks with potential applications as energetic materials, pyrotechnics, and solid propellants. Unique temperature-controlled reactivity of N,N′-(1,2,4,5-tetrazine-3,6-diyl)dinitramide with bases such as ammonia and alkali metal hydroxides are now reported, which results in the synthesis of new materials in a straightforward manner. These frameworks exhibit high thermal stability, controllable sensitivity, and tunable energy densities, making them versatile candidates for modern energetic applications. Furthermore, coordination-driven syntheses allow for precise structural control, enabling the fine-tuning of properties to meet specific requirements. The environmentally conscious design of these materials emphasizes the reduction of toxic byproducts which align with global sustainability goals.