{"title":"Effective theories for nuclei at high energies","authors":"Oscar Garcia-Montero, Sören Schlichting","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01523-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We discuss the application of the Color Glass Condensate (CGC), an effective field theory of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), to describe high-energy nuclear interactions. We first provide an introduction to the methods and language of the CGC, its role in understanding gluon saturation in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC and RHIC, and its relevance in various scattering processes such as Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS). The application of the CGC effective field theory to describe hadron-hadron collisions is discussed in the scope of asymmetric <i>dilute-dense</i> collisions, and Heavy-Ion Collisions in the <i>dense-dense</i> limit. The review covers theoretical foundations, recent advancements, and phenomenological applications, focusing on using the CGC to determine the initial conditions of heavy-ion collisions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01523-7.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The European Physical Journal A","FirstCategoryId":"4","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01523-7","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSICS, NUCLEAR","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
We discuss the application of the Color Glass Condensate (CGC), an effective field theory of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), to describe high-energy nuclear interactions. We first provide an introduction to the methods and language of the CGC, its role in understanding gluon saturation in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC and RHIC, and its relevance in various scattering processes such as Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS). The application of the CGC effective field theory to describe hadron-hadron collisions is discussed in the scope of asymmetric dilute-dense collisions, and Heavy-Ion Collisions in the dense-dense limit. The review covers theoretical foundations, recent advancements, and phenomenological applications, focusing on using the CGC to determine the initial conditions of heavy-ion collisions.
期刊介绍：
Hadron Physics
Hadron Structure
Hadron Spectroscopy
Hadronic and Electroweak Interactions of Hadrons
Nonperturbative Approaches to QCD
Phenomenological Approaches to Hadron Physics
Nuclear and Quark Matter
Heavy-Ion Collisions
Phase Diagram of the Strong Interaction
Hard Probes
Quark-Gluon Plasma and Hadronic Matter
Relativistic Transport and Hydrodynamics
Compact Stars
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Structure and Reactions
Few-Body Systems
Radioactive Beams
Electroweak Interactions
Nuclear Astrophysics
Article Categories
Letters (Open Access)
Regular Articles
New Tools and Techniques
Reviews.
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