Optimization of nitrogen fertilizer application enhanced sugar beet productivity and socio-ecological benefits in China: A meta-analysis

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2025.106547

Longfeng Wang , Baiquan Song , Muhammad Ishfaq , Xiaoyu Zhao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is a key driver for improving sugar beet production, however, the comprehensive effect of the N application rate on beet yield and socio-ecological benefits across various sugar beet-producing regions in China is remains unclear. To address this issue, a comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted on 256 data sets from 87 studies published between 1980 and 2024. The goal was to optimize nitrogen fertilizer management for sugar beet production. The analysis revealed a clear correlation between nitrogen application and improved sugar beet yield in China. Nitrogen application led to an average increase in beet yield by 26.93 % and sugar yield by 17.74 %, emphasizing its key role in boosting productivity. The highest increase in beet yield (31.10 %) and sugar yield (21.65 %) were achieved with nitrogen application rates between 100 and 200 kg N ha⁻¹. However, the benefits of increasing nitrogen rates diminished beyond this range, as indicated by reduced agronomic efficiency and partial factor productivity. This suggests a threshold where additional nitrogen offers little yield improvement. Interestingly, the optimal N application thresholds are lower in North China as compared to Northeast and Northwest China. Ecological and social benefits were maximized at nitrogen application rates of 169–188 kg N ha⁻¹, with a clear reduction in diminishing returns. Excessive N application can lead to reduced ecological and social benefits. Site-specific factors, such as soil pH of 6.5–7.5, total N ≤ 1 g kg⁻¹, and available potassium ≤ 150 mg kg⁻¹, further enhanced beet yield by 36.24 %, 33.84 %, and 35.37 %, respectively. Sugar yield was improved by 27.74 %, 26.13 %, 14.98 %, and 21.84 %, respectively, with optimal conditions including total N ≤ 1 g kg⁻¹, soil pH ≤ 6.5, alkali-hydrolyzable N > 120 mg kg⁻¹, and available phosphorus 20–40 mg kg⁻¹. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing N fertilizer usage in sugar beet production, enhancing environmental sustainability, and advancing green agricultural practices, with potential implications for global sugar beet nitrogen management.

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优化氮肥施用提高中国甜菜生产力和社会生态效益的meta分析

氮肥是提高甜菜产量的关键驱动因素，但氮肥施用量对中国不同甜菜产区甜菜产量和社会生态效益的综合影响尚不清楚。为了解决这个问题，对1980年至2024年间发表的87项研究的256个数据集进行了全面的荟萃分析。目的是优化甜菜生产的氮肥管理。分析表明，氮肥施用与中国甜菜产量的提高之间存在明显的相关性。施氮使甜菜产量平均提高26.93 %，糖产量平均提高17.74 %，强调了施氮在提高生产力中的关键作用。施氮量为100 ~ 200 kg N ha−1时，甜菜产量和食糖产量分别提高31.10 %和21.65 %。然而，随着农艺效率和部分要素生产率的降低，增加施氮量的好处在这个范围之外就会减少。这表明有一个阈值，在这个阈值下，额外的氮肥几乎不能提高产量。有趣的是，与东北和西北相比，华北的最佳施氮阈值较低。在169 ~ 188 kg N ha−1施氮量下，生态效益和社会效益最大化，收益递减明显减小。过量施氮会导致生态效益和社会效益的降低。特定场地因素,如土壤pH值的6.5 - -7.5,总N ≤ 1 g 公斤−1和可用钾≤ 150  毫克公斤−1,进一步提高甜菜产量36.24 %,33.84 %,分别和35.37 %。 %糖产量提高了27.74,26.13 %, % 14.98和21.84 %,分别与最优条件包括总N ≤ 1 g 公斤−1,土壤pH值≤6.5 ,alkali-hydrolyzable N 祝辞 120  毫克公斤−1,磷和可用20 - 40 毫克 公斤−1。该研究为优化甜菜氮肥使用、提高环境可持续性和推进绿色农业实践提供了有价值的见解，对全球甜菜氮肥管理具有潜在的指导意义。

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来源期刊

Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.